Language and Culture Studies

Associate Professor Any, Chair; Professor Del Puppo; Associate Professors J. Evelein, Harrington, Kehrès, Lahti^†, and Lambright^†; Assistant Professors Hanna^†, Kippur^†, van Ginhoven, and Shen; Principal Lecturers Alcorn, Assaiante, Humphreys, Palma, and Wagoner; Visiting Professor Melendez; Visiting Associate Professor Solomon; Visiting Assistant Professors Aydinyan, Jacky, Robyn, and Tracy; Visiting Lecturers Antar, Ayalon, I. Evelein, Flores, Miyazaki, Morales, Shamma and Wang; Graduate Fellows Bouhet, de la Rosa-Fuller, and King.

Students choosing to major in a foreign language may do so with a Plan A or Plan B major. Students who major in other areas of the curriculum, but wish to develop their linguistic skills and knowledge of foreign cultures, may choose to minor in a foreign language.

Plan A major—Under this plan, students major in a single foreign language (French, German studies, Hispanic studies, Italian studies, or Russian). Please see listings and descriptions of respective majors. Credit acquired through the Language Across the Curriculum program may be applied to the cognate requirements. Students are also required to complete a project synthesizing aspects of courses taken for the major and its cognates. Except under exceptional circumstances, this project will be undertaken in the language section’s 401. Senior Seminar; it must be done at Trinity College. See full descriptions under individual language headings.

Plan B major—Under this plan, students may combine any two of the languages taught in the Department of Language and Culture Studies and the Classics Department. A minimum of seven courses in a primary language and five in a secondary language is required, as well as two courses in a cognate field or fields. A paper integrating the three fields of study—primary language field, secondary language field, and some aspect of the cognate field(s)—must be completed in one of the primary language upper-level courses. Except under exceptional circumstances this project will be undertaken in the primary language section’s 401. Senior Seminar, which must be done at Trinity College. See full descriptions under individual language headings.

The language and culture studies minor—The minor in language and culture studies is designed to provide a concentration in a language of choice and an introduction to the literature, culture, and civilization of the language area(s). Students must complete a sequence of either five or six courses and do some additional work (see individual minor descriptions). For courses to be counted toward the minor, students must earn at least a C in each course. (See also the Arabic, Chinese, French, German studies, Hebrew, Hispanic studies, Italian studies, Japanese, and Russian minors earlier in this Bulletin.)

Course work completed for the major under Plans A or B, or the minor, must receive C- or better, and students must demonstrate oral and written proficiency in the appropriate language(s). First-year students planning to take French or Russian courses (other than 101) must take the placement test, administered during first-year orientation.

Upper-level courses are conducted in the foreign language unless otherwise indicated.

Permission to major under Plan A or B or to opt for the language concentration must be obtained from the department chair.

Any student wishing to enroll for credit in a lower-level language sequence after having been granted credit for a course in the same language at a higher level must first obtain the written permission of the department chair.

All language skill courses may require extra lab or drill sessions at the discretion of the instructor.

Departmental honors are awarded to seniors who have maintained an A- average in all courses to be counted toward their major (including cognate courses). A minimum grade of A- is furthermore required in the senior exercise (401).

Language Across the Curriculum—In addition to majoring in a language through Plan A or Plan B, or choosing a minor, there is also the opportunity to apply language skills to a wide array of courses across the entire college curriculum through the Language Across the Curriculum Program.

This option is generally open to all students who have completed the intermediate level (fourth semester, or equivalent) in any foreign language currently taught at Trinity and who are enrolled in any course outside the department in which the instructor, in collaboration with a member of the language and culture studies faculty, approves a supplementary reading list in the foreign language. For example, those studying European history, the economy of Latin America, or Freud could do supplementary readings in French, Spanish, or German; those studying art history or the modern theater might do further readings in Italian or Russian respectively. There are many other possibilities. Subject to satisfactory completion of the assigned work, such students will then be awarded an extra half credit in the course in question. For further information, see any member of the department.

Study away—Majors and other students interested in having a serious engagement with non-U.S. languages and cultures are urged to spend at least one semester abroad, or to enroll in a summer study-abroad program or a recognized summer language institute in North America.

Special attention is called to the Trinity College programs in Barcelona, Paris, Rome, and Vienna, and the affiliated program in Córdoba, Spain. The departmental contacts for these programs are, respectively, Professors Harrington, Kehrès, Del Puppo, Evelein, and van Ginhoven. Brochures describing each of these programs in detail are available both through the department and the Office of International Programs.

Self-Instructional Programs in Modern Languages—Provision exists at the College for strongly motivated students to undertake self-instructional courses of study in some languages not available among our regular offerings. Such courses are set up on an individual basis, by prior arrangement with the director of SILP. Students contemplating such courses must therefore begin their planning as early as possible, preferably during advance registration week of the semester preceding the term in which the student plans to undertake the SILP course in question. Enrollment in all cases is subject to the College’s ability to locate native speakers and professionally qualified persons capable of both monitoring and evaluating the students’ work. All SILP courses are 1-credit courses. Actual credit earned is subject to review by the coordinating committee and the external examiner. The grade earned is determined by an external examiner. Participation counts for 20 percent of the final grade. To help defray the cost of tutors and examiners, students enrolled in SILP courses are assessed a surcharge of $600 a semester. They must also purchase their own course materials. The director of SILP is Isabel Evelein.

Blume Language and Culture Learning Center—Language faculty and students at Trinity College have at their disposal a vast array of technology resources to create engaging learning experiences in the classroom and through online environments. The Blume Language and Culture Learning Center provides a 20-seat, dual-platform (Macintosh and Windows) computer laboratory that can be scheduled for instructional purposes on a regular basis or for specific sessions as needed.

The Blume Center staff works closely with the language and culture studies faculty to promote innovative approaches toward the teaching and learning of language and culture. The Blume Center’s driving goal is to contribute to a greater understanding of instructional technology and learning theories in order to foster their integration into educational practices and language instruction at all levels.

Through informal discussions and professional collaborations, the Blume Center provides information about and facilitates access to various instructional resources for the language faculty and the larger Trinity community. As an example of such collaborations, the Blume Center partners with academic computing to support teaching and learning on campus by co-sponsoring workshops, via the Student Technology Assistant Program, and collaborating on technology-based projects.

For more information, contact Eduardo Lage-Otero, director of the Blume Language and Culture Learning Center.

Language and Culture Studies

[233-04. German History Through Literature and Film]— This course examines German history from 1871 to the present through major works of German literature and film. Special emphasis will be placed on the historical context within which each work was written: the Wilhelmine Empire, World War I, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, East/West Germany and the Cold War, and Reunification. The objective of the course is twofold: to become familiar with some of the most powerful narratives of modern German literature and film; and to analyze literature and film as windows on social, cultural, and historical processes. (Enrollment limited)

[233-06. Post-Colonial Island Cultures in the Pacific, Indian Ocean and West Indies (Antilles)]— When the indigenous islanders of the Pacific, Indian Ocean and West Indies began to question English and French colonization during the 20th century, they discovered that their national, social, and individual identities had been fundamentally altered by the experience. The course will examine the literary and cultural themes unique to the island cultures in these former and current colonies. In particular, there will be a special emphasis on the common questions of race, otherness, imperialism and postcolonialism found in the islands. (Enrollment limited)

233-12. Fantasy and Realism in Russian Literature— All readings and discussion will be in English. Through the enduring traditions of fantasy and realism, Russian literature has probed human dilemmas and invited self-examination. We shall read these works as art and entertainment, and also for what they help us learn about ourselves. A disturbing world of the uncanny, populated by murderous doubles, human snakes, talking dogs, ghosts, and other diabolical creatures will open up to us and haunt our imaginations. As we consider the realist and fantastic streams, we shall ultimately ask the question: can we really define the difference between them? Authors to be read include Gogol, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, and others. This course will introduce the students to some of the greatest works in the Russian literary canon. (Listed as both LACS 233-36 and RUSS 233-01; and under the Russian and Eurasian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (Enrollment limited)-Staff

233-13. Marx, Nietzsche, Freud— This survey of German intellectual history from 1848 to the present will acquaint students with writings of Marx, Freud, Nietzsche and the many others who shaped subsequent western culture and thought. Drawing upon close readings of excerpts from pivotal works, we will examine the relevance of such works in the matrix of artistic trends and historical circumstances from which they emerge. Short literary pieces (Franz Kafka, Thomas Mann) will be included. (Enrollment limited)-Assaiante

233-17. Mafia— In contemporary societies there is an intimate contest between two kinds of social order: The rule of law and criminal organization. A remarkable instance may be found in the workings and metamorphoses of the Mafia. From its origins in Sicily, an agrarian society on the periphery of Europe, the Mafia has acquired intercontinental dimensions and a grip on high politics and finance capital. This shadowy phenomenon has been approached and explained in very different ways by historians, anthropologists, sociologists, economists, and political scientists. It has also been the subject of literature and film. We shall discuss outstanding examples of each approach and treatment. The purposes of the course are to make sense of the Mafia, to explore a basic problem of social order and to compare the different styles of reasoning and representation that characterize the various disciplines in the social sciences and humanities. Course requirements: Seminar format. Course requirements: seminar reports, several short papers, and full attendance and participation. (Listed as both LACS 233-17 and ITAL 233-02.) (Enrollment limited)-Alcorn

[233-38. Soul, Flesh, and the Russian Mystique]— “A riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma.” Such is Winston Churchill’s famous description of Russia. Renowned for its passionate unrestraint, the legendary Russian soul encompasses opposing extremes of human thought and impulse. Selfish pleasure, gratuitous cruelty, and humiliation of others coexist with forgiveness, compassion, and embrace of suffering. As our window on the multifaceted Russian soul—as well as its physical manifestation, the rebellious body—we will take salient works from 1000 years of music, art, and literature. Among the genres we will explore: icon painting and the later, socially-themed paintings that hastened the revolution; the majestic music of the Orthodox church and contemporary youth pop; the wise woman and holy fools of the folktale and the comic literature of scandal. Taught in English; no pre-requisites.

[233-82. Love, Sex, and War in Tolstoy]— This course offers a detailed and varied exploration of Tolstoy’s greatest fiction. Writer and prophet, aristocrat and socialist, moralist and hedonist, Tolstoy contained a bundle of contradictions in a mind of artistic genius. As we seek to uncover the aesthetic workings of his stories and novels, we will have ample opportunity to discuss the subjects of these works—romantic love, sexual expression, family life, war as military theory and as human experience, and the individual’s search for meaning in relation to the works themselves and to our own lives. Tolstoy’s youth, military service, marriage, religious conversion, and contentious relations with those around him will be discussed in connection with his literary art. (Listed as both LACS 233-82 and RUSS 233-07; under the Russian and Eurasian studies concentration of the International Studies Program; and under the Women, Gender, and Sexuality Program.) (Enrollment limited)

333-01. French Cinema— This course is designed to familiarize students with the development and art of the French cinema as seen through its important phases and movements, and in its relationship to modern France. Relevant literary and critical texts will accompany each film. Lectures and coursework will be in English. (Listed as both LACS 333-01 and FREN 320-01.) (Enrollment limited)-Humphreys

333-12. Dante: The Divine Comedy— An intensive study of the Divine Comedy (in translation) with particular emphasis on the historical and aesthetic significance of this ’summa.’ Students wishing to count this course toward a major in Italian should receive permission of the instructor. (Listed as both LACS 333-12 and ITAL 333-01.) (Enrollment limited)-Del Puppo

355. Language Across the Curriculum— Students who have completed the intermediate level of a foreign language (fourth semester or equivalent) and who are enrolled in any course across the college, may do an additional half-credit work in the language for that course. This half-credit course will be done with one of the faculty of the Language and Culture Studies Department. The language faculty member will meet with the student regularly and go over the texts in the foreign language that pertain to the course being taken. The language faculty member will grade the student on this additional half-credit and it will count as an LACS course (independent study). (0.5 course credit) -Staff

399. Independent Study— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. (0.5-1 course credit) -Staff

460. Tutorial— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. -Staff

466. Teaching Assistantship— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. (0.5-1 course credit) -Staff

[233-04. Introduction to Arab and Middle Eastern Cinemas]— This course is also listed under the African studies concentration and Middle Eastern studies concentration of the International Studies Program and under the Women, Gender, and Sexuality Program. This course offers an overview of the social and artistic role of cinema in the Arab world. It presents a historical outlook on the rise and development of cinema in the broader Middle East and North Africa through an investigation of this genre and the use of critical and cultural theory. It examines the artistic and cultural relationship of cinema to the societies it represents by utilizing a variety of structured thematic viewpoints such as the configuration of society and community, children in times of war, feminist discourse, and homosexuality, in order to explore cinema as an integral part of Arabic popular culture. The lectures will be organized around weekly screening of films in addition to related critical readings. No previous knowledge of Arabic language is required. (Enrollment limited)

[233-05. Italian Cinema: Fiction and Film]— A study and discussion of Italian cinema from neorealism to the present. The course will cover both formal and thematic trends in the films of the noted postwar Italian directors Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio De Sica, and Luchino Visconti. The course will also consider the trend away from reliance on literary texts toward the development of personal expressions by such author/directors as Federico Fellini, Michelangelo Antonioni, Lina Wertmüller, Paolo and Vittorio Taviani, Maurizio Nichetti, and others. Film screenings will be in Italian with English subtitles. Lectures and coursework will be in English. Students wishing to apply this course toward the major in Italian must secure permission of the instructor. They will complete their assignments in Italian and meet with the instructor in supplementary sessions. Faithful attendance is required. (Listed as both LACS 233-05 and ITAL 290-01.)-Beneduce (Enrollment limited)

[233-05. Contemporary Arabic Novel: Continuity and Change]— This course offers a general survey of 20th-century Arabic literature in translation, mainly the novel. It examines a variety of cultural aspects of Egyptian and Levantine societies with reference to gender issues and the status of women in these societies as reflected in the writings of Najib Mahfuz, Ala Aswani, Nawal El-Saadawi, and Ghadah al-Samman. The works of these prominent contemporary writers will be examined against the background of the major historical political and social events in the modern Middle East and supported by a number of films and documentaries.

233-05. Latin American Literature and Film in Translation— This course is aimed at a broad and general audience. No knowledge of Spanish is required. Taught in English this survey course introduces students to a set of key Latin American literary works of the 19th and 20th century, from various areas (the Caribbean, Mexico, Latinos in the US/The Border, Central America, South America, the Southern Cone), of various kinds (novels, short novels, short stories, essays, testimonies, collages, etc.) and reflecting on a variety of social and cultural issues (depicting/ordering/making sense of reality, storytelling, mythmaking, constructing the nation, neo-colonialism, fascism, revolution, human rights, exile, border-culture, race, ethnicity, gender). Students wishing to count this course toward a major in Spanish should secure permission of the instructor. They will complete their assignments in Spanish and will meet with the instructor in supplementary sessions. (Listed as both Language and Cultural Studies 233-11 and Hispanic Studies 233-01; and under the Latin American and Caribbean Studies program.) (Enrollment limited)-Robyn

[233-10. Who Am I and Where Am I Going?]— How many personal identities do you have? Lover, friend, brother or sister, gambler, worshipper, skeptic, liar, outsider, psychotic—we may play all of these parts simultaneously or at different times in our lives. Through discussion of short literary texts, with some forays into religion and psychology, we will consider the ways in which our multiple identities shape our self-image as well as how others see us. Readings will be chosen from, among others, Tennessee Williams, Dostoevsky, Freud, and the Bible. (Enrollment limited)

[233-18. Burnt Books: Literature and Nazi Germany]— In an effort to cleanse the nation’s soul of un-German influences, the National Socialists ceremoniously burnt works by hundreds of so called “degenerate” writers, among them such celebrated authors as Heinrich Heine, Erich Maria Remarque, Heinrich Mann, and Bertolt Brecht. This course explores major works of German literature forbidden during the Third Reich and examines the rationale for their exclusion from the Nazi canon. The course furthermore studies Nazi-endorsed writings, as well as literary responses to the Third Reich by anti-Nazi writers such as Anna Seghers, Klaus Mann, and Stefan Zweig. (Listed as both LACS 233-92 and GRMN 233-18.) (Enrollment limited)

233-41. Food in Italian History, Society, and Art— The saying, “A tavola non s’invecchia” (“One does not age at the supper table”), expresses the importance of food and eating for Italians. In this course, we will examine the relationship between food and culture in Italy, from the Romans to the present, through a variety of readings and tasting experiences. Topics include: the importing and exporting of different foods in antiquity as an instance of cultural and economic exchange; medieval beliefs about intellectual and physical aptitudes associated with diet; the representation of food in art, literature, and cinema; regional cuisines and cultural identities; and the language of food. We will also discuss Italian and Italian-American cuisine as the reflection of related, yet very different, cultures. Students may opt to undertake a Community Learning Initiative in consultation with the course instructor. Enrollment limited to 25. (Listed as both LACS 233-41 and ITAL 233-06.)-Del Puppo

233-98. Enlightenment and Romanticism in Italy— An introduction to modern ideas of nature, human nature, and history expressed in great literature, art, and music. Topics include individuality and community, the passions and the interests, the intimate contest of bourgeois and aristocratic cultures, revolution and reaction, and secularism. Among authors, artists, and composers who will be studied are: Leopardi, Manzoni, Tiepolo, Longhi, Canaletto, Canova, Fattori, Donizetti, Rossini, and Verdi. (Listed as both LACS 233-98 AND ITAL 233-08.) (Enrollment limited)-TBA

299. Foundations of Language and Culture Studies— This course (taught in English) starts from the premise that all language acts are culturally based. The main topics of the course are the history of languages; linguistics; literary criticism; cultural criticism; and the translated text. Questions we will explore are: what is language, how do we acquire it, and what relationship does it have to culture? What does the nature vs. nurture debate mean for language? What is the interface between (literary) narrative, language, and culture? What happens when a literary text is translated from one language into another? Does it matter? Students will have a chance to do individualized work that bears upon their own language of study. The course features regular guest lectures by faculty from a range of languages and fields. (Enrollment limited)-Evelein

325. Americans in Paris/Parisians in America— Americans visiting Paris today flock to the literary cafés of the Latin Quarter and the Impressionist paintings at the Musée d’Orsay, but how was it that Paris came to represent a cultural mecca for Americans? To what extent do American cities generally—and New York in particular—occupy a similar place in the cultural imaginary of Parisians? This course draws from an eclectic mix of materials—historical and literary texts, transatlantic correspondence, pop culture and comedy, music, films, political treatises, cultural theory—to examine some of the assumptions, prejudices, and cross-cultural influences that characterize Franco-American relations historically and today. Sample reading list includes works by James Baldwin, Simone de Beauvoir, Adam Gopnik, Ernest Hemingway, Henry Miller, David Sedaris, and Alexis de Tocqueville. Coursework and discussions will be in English. Listed as both LACS 325-01 and FREN 325-01. (Enrollment limited)-Humphreys

[333. French Cinema]— This course is designed to familiarize students with the development and art of the French cinema as seen through its important phases and movements, and in its relationship to modern France. Relevant literary and critical texts will accompany each film. Lectures and coursework will be in English. (Listed as both LACS 333-01 and FREN 320-01.) (Enrollment limited)

460. Tutorial— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. -Staff

College Course 151. French Film Festival— View course description in department listing on p. 326. (0.5 course credit)-Humphreys

English 330. Sex, Violence and Substance Abuse: Mexico by Non-Mexicans— View course description in department listing on p. 431. -Goldman

Arabic

The Plan B major—Students choosing a Plan B major in language and culture studies may elect Arabic as their secondary language. Students who do so are required to take five courses in Arabic beyond ARAB 101, including at least one course in Arabic literature and culture (ARAB 233).

The minor in Arabic—For students who wish to minor in Arabic, this is a sequence of five courses: ARAB 101, 102, 201, 202, and 301, designed to develop linguistic skills and to give an appreciation of Arab culture and civilization. In addition, students are required to take either ARAB 233, LING 101. Introduction to Linguistics, or a course in the Middle East section of the International Studies Program. No more than one transfer credit may be applied to the minor.

To declare a minor in Arabic, contact Assistant Professor Kifah Hanna. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of Middle Eastern culture are referred to the Middle Eastern studies concentration.

101. Intensive Elementary Arabic I— Designed to develop fundamental skill in both spoken and written Arabic. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic grammatical structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also listed under the African Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Antar

201. Intermediate Arabic I— Continuation of Arabic 102, with an introduction to Arabic composition as well as further grammatical study and conversation practice. Required lab work. (Also listed under the African Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Arabic 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Antar

301. Intermediate Arabic III— Continuation of Arabic 202, introducing increasingly complex grammatical structures through culturally based materials and literary texts, with a programmed expansion of vocabulary to 1,500 words. Lab work required. (Also listed under the African Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Arabic 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Shamma

401. Advanced Arabic I: Conversation and Composition— This course builds on grammatical concepts acquired in elementary and intermediate courses (101-302). It introduces alternative stylistic tools for oral, aural, and writing skills with a vigorous expansion of vocabulary related to contemporary Arab culture and daily events in the Middle East. We will focus on two key areas of Arabic grammar: the root and pattern system, and complex sentence structure. Students will gain knowledge of grammatical aspects such as active and passive participles, geminate verbs, passive voice, circumstantial clauses, and nouns of place and time (to name a few) and learn more on idafas, broken plurals and superlatives and comparative forms. We will read and discuss authentic texts (short stories, newspapers, and magazine articles) and view films and various news clips in Arabic. Prerequisite: Arabic 302 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Shamma

102. Intensive Elementary Arabic II— Designed to develop basic language skills learned in Arabic 101. Fours hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also listed under the African Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Arabic 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Antar, Staff

202. Intermediate Arabic II— Continuation of Arabic 201, leading to a completion of essential basic grammatical constructions as well as further conversational practice. (Also listed under the African Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Arabic 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Antar

[233. Contemporary Arabic Novel: Continuity and Change]— This course offers a general survey of 20th century Arabic literature in translation, mainly the novel. It examines a variety of cultural aspects of Egyptian and Levantine societies with reference to gender issues and the status of women in these societies as reflected in the writings of Najib Mahfuz, Ala Aswani, Nawal El-Saadawi, and Ghadah al-Samman. The works of these prominent contemporary writers will be examined against the background of the major historical political and social events in the modern Middle East and supported by a number of films and documentaries. (Enrollment limited)

[233L. Introduction to Arab and Middle Eastern Cinemas]— This course is also listed under the African studies concentration and Middle Eastern studies concentration of the International Studies Program and under the Women, Gender, and Sexuality Program. This course offers an overview of the social and artistic role of cinema in the Arab world. It presents a historical outlook on the rise and development of cinema in the broader Middle East and North Africa through an investigation of this genre and the use of critical and cultural theory. It examines the artistic and cultural relationship of cinema to the societies it represents by utilizing a variety of structured thematic viewpoints such as the configuration of society and community, children in times of war, feminist discourse, and homosexuality, in order to explore cinema as an integral part of Arabic popular culture. The lectures will be organized around weekly screening of films in addition to related critical readings. No previous knowledge of Arabic language is required. (Enrollment limited)

302. Intermediate Arabic IV— Continuation of Arabic 301, presenting alternative stylistic tools for oral and written communication, with a vigorous expansion of vocabulary. Lab work required. (Also listed under the African Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Arabic 301 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Antar

402. Advanced Arabic II: Composition and Style— This course is a continuation of Arabic 401. We will closely read and analyze complex authentic texts in order to develop a high level of proficiency and grammatical accuracy in Modern Standard Arabic and colloquial Levantine. We will continue to vigorously focus on the root and pattern system. Students will study new grammatical aspects such as the imperative, the prohibitive, hollow and weak verbs, assimilation in and basic meanings of certain awzan, and the different types of grammatical objects (to name a few). Students will learn different styles of narration and significantly expand their vocabulary repertoire. Prerequisite: Arabic 401 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Staff

[466. Teaching Assistantship]— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. (0.5-1 course credit) -Staff

Chinese

The Plan B major—Students choosing a Plan B major in language and culture studies may elect Chinese as either their primary or secondary language. Students who choose Chinese as the primary language are required to take seven courses beyond the 101 level, including at least one course from offerings in Chinese literature and culture (INTS 237 and above), and 401. Special Topics in East Asian Literatures. Two courses in a cognate field or fields are also required as is a paper linking some aspect(s) of the two languages and the cognates; this paper must be completed in CHIN 401.

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement in this major is fulfilled by one of the following courses: CHIN 401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics in Chinese (all majors must take this course) or INTS 237.

Students who choose Chinese as the secondary language are required to take five courses beyond the 101 level, including at least one course from offerings in Chinese literature and culture (INTS 237 and above).

The minor in Chinese—For students who do not wish to major in Chinese Plan B, this is an option to develop linguistic skills and gain an appreciation of Chinese culture through a language concentration (minor) in Chinese. For students who wish to minor in Chinese, this is a sequence of five courses beyond CHIN 101 (101 does not count) designed to develop linguistic skills as well as a basic understanding of Chinese culture and society. One of the five courses should be INTS 237. In addition, the minor will include another credit to be fulfilled through a .5-credit Language Across the Curriculum unit, a one-semester teaching assistantship, or a .5-credit integrating paper at least one of the six Chinese courses (students to enroll of a half credit in CHIN 399), The five courses should be chosen from CHIN 102, 201, 202, 233, 301, and 302. No more than one transfer credit may be applied to the language concentration in Chinese. Students must achieve a grade of B or above in the highest level language course or pass the proficiency test administered by the language concentration coordinator.

To declare a minor in Chinese, contact the department chair. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of Asian cultures are referred to the Asian studies interdisciplinary minor.

101. Intensive Elementary Chinese I— Designed to develop fundamental skill in both spoken and written Mandarin. About 300 characters will be learned. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Students with previous training and background in Chinese should consult the instructor for proper placement. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Wang

201. Intensive Intermediate Chinese I— This course emphasizes the continued development of skill in spoken and written Mandarin. Students will read more advanced texts, practice conversation, and be introduced to additional characters. In order to secure maximum proficiency, students should plan to take both 201 and 202 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also listed the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Chinese 102 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Wang

[202. Intensive Intermediate Chinese II]— Continuation of Chinese 201, with further emphasis on written and spoken development of the current idiom. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Chinese 201 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)

301. Advanced Chinese I— Further development of skill in written and spoken Mandarin, with increasing emphasis on longer texts, additional characters, and extensive discussion. In order to secure maximum proficiency, students should plan to take both 301 and 302 in sequence. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (Enrollment limited)-Shen

401. Senior Seminar: Issues in Contemporary China— The primary goal of this course is to become familiar with, discuss, and debate some cultural, political and economical situations of the contemporary Chinese speaking world through the modern media of newspapers, television and film. The course will also further improve advanced students’ ability to use Chinese in their daily and professional lives. (Enrollment limited)-Shen

413. Advanced Chinese III— Students will further develop skills in written and spoken Mandarin, with increasing emphasis on longer texts, additional characters, and extensive discussion. In order to secure maximum proficiency, students should plan to take both 413 and 415 in sequence. Prerequisite: Chinese 302 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Shen

[101. Intensive Elementary Chinese I]— Designed to develop fundamental skill in both spoken and written Mandarin. About 300 characters will be learned. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Students with previous training and background in Chinese should consult the instructor for proper placement. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)

102. Intensive Elementary Chinese II— Continuation of Chinese 101, with increased emphasis on conversational practice. An additional 300 characters will be learned. Students are expected to master most of the spoken patterns by the end of the semester. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Chinese 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Wang

202. Intensive Intermediate Chinese II— Continuation of Chinese 201, with further emphasis on written and spoken development of the current idiom. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Chinese 201 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Wang

302. Advanced Chinese II— Concentration on advanced writing and speaking skills, further acquisition of compound characters, and further extensive practice in complex reading. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (Enrollment limited)-Shen

415. Advanced Chinese IV— Students will improve skills in written and spoken Mandarin for formal occasions and conversations. Focuses will be given to students’ ability to use the language formally and idiomatically. Prerequisite: Chinese 413 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Wang

440. Chinese Speaking and Writing II— The course introduces Chinese speaking and writing skills for graduate school-level use. The targeted students will be those who major or minor in Chinese, and/or have received significant amount of Chinese language training, and/or have great interest in pursuing a Chinese-related career. In order to secure maximum proficiency, students should plan to take both 430 and 440 in sequence. (Also listed under the Asian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Chinese 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Wang

French

The Plan A major—All Plan A students must choose to follow either a “French Language and Literature” track or a “French Studies” track within their major, which must normally be selected before the senior year, and specifically approved by the adviser. All Plan A majors are encouraged to study in an approved program in some part of the Francophone world.

All Plan A majors are required to have 11 courses beyond FREN 102. The following five are required: FREN 241. Advanced Composition and Style; FREN 251. French Literature I: From the Middle Ages to Romanticism; FREN 252. French Literature II: Modern French Literature (no more than one of these three may be by transfer credit); at least one FREN 355 course from the special topics cycle to be taken at Trinity College, and FREN 401.

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement for this major is fulfilled by one of the following courses: FREN 350. Critical Approaches to Advanced Translation Studies or FREN 401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics.

For Plan A majors choosing the “French Language and Literature” track, two courses among the remaining six elective courses may be taken in another discipline (numbered at other than the 100 level), focusing on France or on some aspect of Francophone studies. These courses may be found, for example, among the offerings of such departments or programs as English, history, fine arts, international studies, music, political science, the other sections of the Language and Culture Studies Department, or the equivalents of such offerings in any approved foreign study program. Students completing this track will do their senior project in French (normally in 401).

For Plan A majors choosing the “French Studies” track, three such courses among the remaining six elective courses may be taken in another discipline (numbered at other than the 100 level).

Those choosing the “French Studies” track will develop a coherent concentration in close consultation with their adviser. Such concentrations might focus, for example, on the arts (including film) by including courses from the fine arts and the music departments, or the various film offerings inside and outside the French section; on literary studies by including courses from the classics and the English departments, or one of the other foreign cultures taught in the Language and Culture Studies Department (whether in the original language or in English); or on society by including courses from the history and the political science departments. Many other combinations are possible. Students completing the “French Studies” track may choose to do their final project in French or English (normally in 401).

The Plan B major—Plan B majors whose primary concentration is French are required to have seven courses in French beyond FREN 102; the following are required: FREN 241, FREN 251 and 252, at least one French 300-level course (to be taken at Trinity College), and FREN 401. Among the remaining two elective courses, one course not offered under a French rubric (numbered at other than the 100 level) focusing on France or on some aspect of Francophone study may be counted toward the major (see examples under Plan A major above). All Plan B majors in this category may choose to do their final project in French or English (normally in FREN 401).

Plan B majors whose secondary concentration is French are required to have five courses in French beyond FREN 102; the following are required: FREN 241, FREN 251, and FREN 252.

All Plan B majors are encouraged to study in an approved program in some part of the Francophone world.

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement for the French major is fulfilled by: FREN 401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics in French (required of all majors), FREN 250. Advanced Language Study (in French), or FREN 350. Critical Approaches to Advanced Translation Studies (in French).

Honors—Students qualifying for honors in their French majors must attain a cumulative average of A- or better in all courses counting toward the major, including FREN 401.

The minor in French—For students who wish to minor in French, this is a sequence of 5.5 credits beyond FREN 102 designed to develop linguistic skills and to give an appreciation of Francophone culture and civilization. The five required courses in French must include FREN 281. Conversational French: Current Events and can include, but are not limited to, FREN 250, 251, 252, or a 300-level course in French. The Additional .5 credit can be achieved through a Language Across the Curriculum unit, a .5-credit integrating paper (typically written in conjunction with the last course taken for the minor), the French Film Festival course (with written work done in French, or another 1-credit French course. A maximum of one course taught in English under the Language and Culture Studies rubric may be counted toward the minor, only if written work done in French. No more than one transfer credit taken in a program other than Trinity-in-Paris may be applied to the minor.

To declare a minor in French, contact Karen Humphreys, Jean-Marc Kehrès, or Sara Kippur. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of Francophone culture are referred to the French studies interdisciplinary minor.)

101. Intensive Elementary French I— Designed to develop a basic ability to read, write, understand, and speak French. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Other than beginning students must have the explicit permission of the instructor.–Sabich (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Evelein, Staff

102. Intensive Elementary French II— Continuation of 101, emphasizing oral practice, consolidation of basic grammar skills, compositions and reading comprehension. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Prerequisite: French 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Evelein

201. Intermediate French I— Review of basic grammatical concepts and development of fundamental language skills, with increasing emphasis on written expression and spoken accuracy. Use is made of video-based presentations. Since significant linguistic progress cannot be achieved in 201 alone, students wishing to acquire proficiency should plan to take both 201 and 202 in sequence. Prerequisite: French 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Kehres

202. Intermediate French II— Further reinforcement of written and spoken skills, with continuing practice in the use of complex grammatical structures and greater emphasis on the mastery of contemporary usage through extensive class discussion, reading, and writing. Prerequisite: French 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Solomon

[233. Post-Colonial Island Cultures in the Pacific, Indian Ocean and West Indies (Antilles)]— When the indigenous islanders of the Pacific, Indian Ocean and West Indies began to question English and French colonization during the 20th century, they discovered that their national, social, and individual identities had been fundamentally altered by the experience. The course will examine the literary and cultural themes unique to the island cultures in these former and current colonies. In particular, there will be a special emphasis on the common questions of race, otherness, imperialism and postcolonialism found in the islands. (Enrollment limited)

241. Advanced Composition and Style— Development of a high level of proficiency through the reading and analysis of texts and films in contemporary idiomatic French, with considerable emphasis on attainment of grammatical accuracy. Prerequisite: French 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Humphreys

251. French Literature I: From the Middle Ages to Romanticism— This course is designed to introduce the student to the major authors of French literature from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. Representative works will be read in chronological order to foster a sense of literary history. Special emphasis will be placed on techniques of literary appreciation. Class conducted entirely in French. Prerequisite: French 241 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Kehres

281. Conversational French: Current Events— This course is designed for students who want to acquire greater proficiency in their oral expression and are interested in current events. We will examine current political, social, historical and educational issues as they appear in French newspapers and magazines such as L’Express, Le Monde, Le Nouvel Observateur and other online resources. Students will participate in class discussions, prepare oral reports and conduct presentations on the issues under study. Prerequisite: French 241 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Solomon

320. French Cinema— This course is designed to familiarize students with the development and art of the French cinema as seen through its important phases and movements, and in its relationship to modern France. Relevant literary and critical texts will accompany each film. Lectures and coursework will be in English. (Listed as both LACS 333-01 and FREN 320-01.) (Enrollment limited)-Humphreys

[355. From Libertinism to the Revolution : Screening the French Eighteenth Century]— The French 18th century has never been so popular with film-makers. In this course, we will study a selection of films whose subject is the history and cultural life of eighteenth-century France and examine the relevance of eighteenth-century issues for the contemporary world. Attention will be paid to literary texts and other documents upon which the films are based and to questions of historical interpretation and film technique. The films studied include Que la fête commence by Bertrand Tavernier, The Night and the moment by Anna Maria Tat’‘o, Les Amants by Louis Malle, La Religieuse by Jacques Rivette, Dangerous Liaisons by Stephen Frears, The Affair of the Necklace by Charles Shyer, L’Anglaise et le duc by Éric Roemer, Danton by Andrzej Wajda Prerequisite: French 251 or 252, or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

[355. Bilingualism and the Francophone World]— This course will take us on a tour of the Francophone world, from North Africa, to Canada, the Caribbean, and beyond. Despite French colonization and the presence of the French language in places such as Quebec, Algeria, Haiti, Martinique, and Tahiti, writers nonetheless remind readers of the other languages that once were, or still are, spoken there: Arabic, Berber, Creole, English, Joual. We will study the conflicts raised by sites of political bilingualism and how these issues are played out in works by and about bilinguals. We will also consider writers who, in the absence of any direct political colonization, have opted for careers of self-translation and literary bilingualism. Authors to be studied include Beckett, Chamoiseau, Derrida, Djebar, Huston, Kundera, Khatibi, Roumain, Semprun, and Tremblay. Prerequisite: French 251 or 252, or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

355. Reading the Streets of Paris: flâneurs, lionnes, and chiffonniers— This course focuses on representations of Paris through the eyes of a variety of 19th and 20th-century authors. This course integrates the experience of study abroad and with the analysis of texts that evoke different aspects of urban life. We will begin with a brief history of the city of Paris and specific features of its transformation under Haussmann. Urban icons such as Baudelaire’s flâneur, working girls, (grisettes) and ragpickers (chiffonniers) hold an important place in visual and textual representations by the following authors: Charles Baudelaire, Honoré Balzac, Delphine Girardin, George Sand, Jules Verne, Walter Benjamin, André Breton and Colette.We begin with texts by Baudelaire to understand the concept of the flâneur. This becomes an important and uniquely urban phenomenon in 19th-century French culture. The flâneur implies either bohemian or bourgeois social status; however we also analyze texts about women navigating the city, and ragpickers (chiffonniers) who are immortalized in the poetry of Baudelaire and photographs of Atget. Authors include: Charles Baudelaire, Honoré Balzac, Céleste Mogador, George Sand, Jules Verne, Walter Benjamin, Louis Aragon, and Colette. Prerequisite: French 251 or 252, or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Humphreys

460. Tutorial— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. -Staff

[250. Advanced Language Study]— This course is designed to strengthen and develop students’ reading, writing, and translating skills, to facilitate the transition between lower-level language courses and the upper-level study of literature and culture. Readings will focus on the short story as a genre in order to build vocabulary and increase students’ ability to read with ease, as well as to appreciate the literary value of a text. Weekly writing will be assigned on a variety of topics taken from the readings, as well as the students’ own creative writing (essays or short fiction). The translation component of the course will entail passages from the texts read in class, but students will also translate their own creative work. Texts by contemporary writers such as Le Clézio, Assia Djebar, Véronique Tadjo, Philippe Delerm, and others will be used. Prerequisite: French 241 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

252. Modern French Literature— This course will be a survey of the major texts of the 19th and 20th century France. Principles of literary history and literary appreciation will be emphasized. Prerequisite: French 241 or equivalent (Enrollment limited)-Humphreys

305. Modern Culture and Civilization— A study of modern France through its history, arts, politics, and social structures. This course is designed to help students understand why the French think the way they do and why their societal concepts are often very different from those of the Americans. To do so we will see that for the French the presence of the past deeply informs the present and how this historical phenomenon has shaped, at least in part, the concept of the family, the government, the educational system, and the position of women in France. We will also examine the important issue of immigration, which is one of France’s major social issues today. Finally, we will look at the role that France is playing in the shaping of European unity. Prerequisite: French 241 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Kehres

[320. French Cinema]— This course is designed to familiarize students with the development and art of the French cinema as seen through its important phases and movements, and in its relationship to modern France. Relevant literary and critical texts will accompany each film. Lectures and coursework will be in English. (Listed as both LACS 333-01 and FREN 320-01.) (Enrollment limited)

[355. 18th-Century Enlightenment]— The Enlightenment can be defined as a movement of political, social, and philosophical contestation advocating the reign of reason and progress. This course will examine the manifestations of this questioning through the study of the dominant genres of the periods: plays, philosophical tales, dialogues, novels. We will also study a selection of films whose subject is the history and cultural life of 18th-century France and examine the relevance of 18th-century issues to the contemporary world. Sample reading list, L’?le des esclaves, Marivaux, Le Neveu de Rameau, Diderot Candide, Voltaire, Le Mariage de Figaro, Beaumarchais, Les Infortunes de la vertu, Sade. Films: Que la fête commence, Bertrand Tavernier, Ridicule, Patrice Leconte, L’Anglaise et le duc, Éric Roemer. Prerequisite: French 251 or 252, or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

355. The World of Marcel Proust— Marcel Proust is arguably the most iconic and influential French author of the twentieth century. The proustian gaze reaches into every aspect of social, intellectual and artistic life of the period from 1870 to 1920. In this course, a close reading of Du côté de chez Swann, provides an intiation to the world of Proust and A la recherche du temps perdu. Substantial extracts from other parts of the epic seven volume novel will allow a more in-depth understanding of the author’s ideas and of the narrative arch of his work. We will also study a number of adaptations of Proust’s novel in film and other media. (Enrollment limited)-Solomon

[355. Tales of Transgression:Crime, Censorship, & Public Morals in the 19th & 20th Century French Culture]— In this course we will explore various manifestations of crime and transgression in French literary culture of the 19th and 20th centuries. Among the topics we will discuss are the rise of bourgeois industrial culture, social norms and mores, scandal, and censorship as they relate to class, gender, and sexuality. Works will include narratives by the 19th-century chief of police Eugene Vidocq, Crimes celebres by Victor Hugo, Les Fleurs du mal by Baudelair, excerpts of Flaubert’s Madam Bovary, Barbey’s LesDiaboliques, selected plays by Rachilde, narratives and poetry of the surrealist movement, Robert Netz’s Histoire de la censure, and selected writings by Michel Foucault and Georges Bataille. Prerequisite: French 251 or 252, or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics— This seminar is required of all seniors majoring or minoring in French. Over the term, students will work collaboratively on the various papers they are writing by way of integrating exercises in their major or minor, and the whole class will undertake a number of readings in common in order to provide informed criticism of one another’s papers. Depending on enrollment, the class may also spend part of the semester considering a special topic, author, or genre in French studies. Prerequisite: At least one 300-level course in French literature or the equivalent, and permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Kehres

[401. Reading the Streets of Paris]— This course focuses on representations of Paris through the eyes of specific 19th and 20th-century authors. French 401 is required for the major in French; this course integrates previous courses with the experience of study abroad and with the process of conceptualizing and writing an in-depth final project. We begin with texts by Baudelaire to understand the concept of the flâneur. This becomes an important and uniquely urban phenomenon in 19th-century French culture. The flâneur implies either bohemian or bourgeois social status; however we also analyze texts about women navigating the city, and ragpickers (chiffonniers) who are immortalized in the poetry of Baudelaire and photographs of Atget. Authors include: Charles Baudelaire, Honoré Balzac, Céleste Mogador, George Sand, Jules Verne, Walter Benjamin, Louis Aragon, and Colette. Prerequisite: At least one 300-level course in French literature or the equivalent, and permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)

[401. Visions of France at War: Violence at Home and Abroad]— This course considers the literary and filmic representation of French involvement in wars of the twentieth century both on national and foreign soil. Examining works of fiction, poetry, memoir and film that emerged from the world wars, the Spanish Civil War, and the Algerian War for independence, this course probes the relationship between violence, historical memory, and aesthetic representation and asks how art can be used to respond to traumatic events. Readings may include works by Camus, Bataille, Michel del Castillo, Malraux, Simon, Semprun, Duras, Char, Djebar, and Sebbar, and films such as La Grande Illusion, Nuit et brouillard, Lacombe Lucien, Le Chagrin et La Pitié, Indigènes, and La Bataille d’Alger. (Enrollment limited)

460. Tutorial— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. -Staff

German Studies

The major in German studies offers an interdisciplinary and interdepartmental approach to the study of the German-speaking world. Its goal is to develop students’ German language skills, to explore German literature both in original German and in translation, and to foster the study of a broad array of subjects in which the influences and contributions of German speaking peoples are evident, including philosophy, history, religion, art history, performing arts, music, politics, and economics. A background in German studies provides preparation for the exploration of many fields. Knowledge of the German language may also be helpful for graduate study in a number of disciplines of the humanities, the sciences, music, and art history.

Faculty associated with the German studies major: Professors Evelein (German), Goesser (German) Butos (economics), Curran (art history), Hyland (philosophy), Kassow (history), Kirkpatrick (religion), Platoff (music), Schulz (political science), Smith (political science), and Vogt (philosophy).

Students are encouraged to design programs of study that are coherent and meaningful, as well as diverse and innovative. They have to work closely with the adviser in planning their program.

Honors—Students qualifying for honors in the German studies major must attain a cumulative average of A- or better in all courses required for the major, including GRMN 401. The topic for the final project for GRMN 401 will be agreed upon in consultation with the adviser.

Study away—To maximize exposure to German language and culture, students are strongly encouraged to spend at least one semester at the Trinity-approved program of study in Baden-Württemberg or at Trinity’s Global Learning Site in Vienna. Both study-abroad programs provide opportunities for language immersion at a major German university, as well as the chance to pursue independent study or community service while residing in a culturally and historically rich Germanic setting. For more information, visit the Baden-Württemberg Web site at www.ctdhe.org/germany/ or Trinity-in-Vienna at www.trincoll.edu/UrbanGlobal/StudyAway/programs/TrinityPrograms/Vienna/. See also Trinity-in-Berlin summer.

Eligible courses from other departments—Examples of acceptable courses for the German studies major that are taught in other departments or programs are listed below; others may be substituted with the approval of the German studies adviser.

Students are encouraged to integrate German reading materials into their courses of choice. Monthly meetings with the German studies adviser will be scheduled to discuss German readings and facilitate student interaction within the major.

Language across the Curriculum—German studies majors are encouraged to take advantage of the Language Across the Curriculum opportunity and earn an additional .5 credit toward the major. In collaboration with a member of the department, students may select supplementary readings in German that complement one or more of the courses below. Enrollment in Language across the Curriculum follows the guidelines for independent study registration.

The minor in German—For students who wish to minor in German, this is a sequence of six German courses designed to develop linguistic skills and to give an appreciation of the culture and civilization of German-speaking countries. In addition, the minor will include either a .5-credit Language Across the Curriculum unit or a .5-credit integrating paper, typically written in conjunction with the last course taken for the minor. Courses that count toward the German minor are GRMN 101, 102, 201, 202, 233, 301, and 302. No more than one transfer credit may be applied to the minor.

To declare a minor in German, contact Associate Professor Johannes Evelein. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of German culture are referred to the German studies interdisciplinary minor.

In the major, and in the German minor, students must demonstrate oral and written proficiency by earning the minimum grade of B in GRMN 301.

101. Intensive Elementary German I— This is a basic four-skills (understanding, speaking, reading, and writing) course with emphasis on developing facility in reading and speaking German within a cultural and historical context. Other than beginning students must obtain the permission of the instructor. Students taking this course should also plan to take German 102 in order to complete the study of essential vocabulary and grammar and to gain practice in speaking and in reading original texts. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Evelein

102. Intensive Elementary German II— Continuation of German 101, with completion of the study of essential grammar, further vocabulary building through oral and written practice, practice in reading, and discussions of cultural contexts. Prerequisite: German 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Staff

201. Intermediate German I— This course will aim for intermediate-level proficiency in understanding, speaking, and writing contemporary idiomatic German with emphasis on conversation. Essential grammar review, exercises, and oral reports will be based on the reading and discussion of such materials as edited TV broadcasts, letter-writing, and short essays. Since significant linguistic progress cannot be achieved in 201 alone, students wishing to acquire proficiency should plan to take both 201 and 202 in sequence. Prerequisite: German 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Evelein

[233-05. German History Through Literature and Film]— This course examines German history from 1871 to the present through major works of German literature and film. Special emphasis will be placed on the historical context within which each work was written: the Wilhelmine Empire, World War I, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, East/West Germany and the Cold War, and Reunification. The objective of the course is twofold: to become familiar with some of the most powerful narratives of modern German literature and film; and to analyze literature and film as windows on social, cultural, and historical processes. (Enrollment limited)

233. Marx, Nietzsche, Freud— This survey of German intellectual history from 1848 to the present will acquaint students with writings of Marx, Freud, Nietzsche and the many others who shaped subsequent western culture and thought. Drawing upon close readings of excerpts from pivotal works, we will examine the relevance of such works in the matrix of artistic trends and historical circumstances from which they emerge. Short literary pieces (Franz Kafka, Thomas Mann) will be included. (Enrollment limited)-Assaiante

[233-19. New German Cinema]— This course will examine the rich and varied cinema produced in the Federal Republic of Germany between 1960 and the mid-1980s, otherwise known as New German cinema. Concurrent with screenings of films by directors such as Wim Wenders, Rainer Werner Fasbinder, and Dorris Dorrie, we will consider the political and historical events that influenced the film financing, distribution and exhibition in post-World War II West Germany. The themes examined will include, but are not limited to, the relationship between public and private, past and present, history and gender, and the “German” and the other, and the search for a national identity. (Listed as both LACS 233-96 and GRMN 233-19.) (Enrollment limited)

[301. German Literature and Film 1945-1995]— Through close readings and comparative discussions of short prose, poetry, and film from 1945 to 1995, students will improve their German comprehension (listening as well as reading), speaking, and writing skills. There will be texts from Austria, Switzerland, the Federal Republic of German, and the former GDR, by authors such as Günter Grass, Heinrich Böll, Max Frisch, Friedrich Dürrenmatt, and Christa Wolf, as well as many well-known poets and film directors. Some grammar review will be offered. All work will be done in German. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

[301. The Wild 18th Century: Goethe on Love, Death and the Devil]— Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is perhaps the most influential author in German literature, and his works defined some of the most important genres of his lifetime and beyond (1749-1832). This course will explore some of Goethe’s greatest masterpieces, as well as selected works by other authors of the era, in order to examine some of the fundamental philosophical and aesthetic questions of the eighteenth century. Readings will include Goethe’s “Die Leiden des jungen Werther,” “Faust I” and selected poems; Schiller’s “Die Räuber” and selected poems; and Kleist’s “Das Erdbeben in Chile.” We will also focus on the life and times of Goethe in order to understand his influence and role in German and European culture. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

301. German-Jewish Writers— This course will examine the contribution of Jewish writers to German literature, philosophy and culture. Of central concern will be how these writers negotiate and theorize their dual identity as Jew and German through the form and content of their writings. Issues of national, cultural and linguistic identification, acculturation, and self-criticism will be traced out through texts dating from the Enlightenment to the modern era. Readings to include: Mendelssohn, Varnhagen, Schlegel, Heine, Schnitzler, Freud, Kafka, Lasker-Schüler, Arendt, Celan. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Assaiante

460. Tutorial— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. -Staff

[101. Intensive Elementary German I]— This is a basic four-skills (understanding, speaking, reading, and writing) course with emphasis on developing facility in reading and speaking German within a cultural and historical context. Other than beginning students must obtain the permission of the instructor. Students taking this course should also plan to take German 102 in order to complete the study of essential vocabulary and grammar and to gain practice in speaking and in reading original texts. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)

202. Intermediate German II— Continuation of German 201, with the addition of expository material on German life and culture for discussion and writing practice. Prerequisite: German 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Staff

233. Exile from Nazi Germany— In the 1930s, thousands of writers, scientists, filmmakers, philosophers, historians, musicians, architects, and artists were driven into exile by the Nazi regime. The majority of émigrés, many of whom were Jewish, settled in the United States and went on to make significant contributions to the country’s intellectual and cultural life. The purpose of this course is threefold: to introduce the concept of exile; to study the particular circumstances and stories of exile from Nazi Germany and Nazi-occupied Europe; to become familiar with the accomplishments of exiles in the fields of literature, film, music, and culture studies. Special emphasis will be placed on the impact of German and Austrian filmmakers in Hollywood and on the stamp of exiles on the U.S. academic world. (Enrollment limited)-Evelein

[233. Burnt Books: Literature and Nazi Germany]— In an effort to cleanse the nation’s soul of un-German influences, the National Socialists ceremoniously burnt works by hundreds of so called “degenerate” writers, among them such celebrated authors as Heinrich Heine, Erich Maria Remarque, Heinrich Mann, and Bertolt Brecht. This course explores major works of German literature forbidden during the Third Reich and examines the rationale for their exclusion from the Nazi canon. The course furthermore studies Nazi-endorsed writings, as well as literary responses to the Third Reich by anti-Nazi writers such as Anna Seghers, Klaus Mann, and Stefan Zweig. (Listed as both LACS 233-92 and GRMN 233-18.) (Enrollment limited)

[250. German Translation Studies]— This course concentrates on the techniques of translating and interpreting both German and English texts from a variety of fields (e.g. culture, literature, the arts, history, political, social and natural sciences, entertainment, and international relations, among others). We will learn how to do bilingual reports, summaries and oral presentations. Students are encouraged to take this course in conjunction with either German 202 or a 300-level German course. Prerequisite: German 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

264. Literature and the Law— In literature and in law, language shapes rhetorical worlds that seek to represent, constitute and interpret the actions of human beings and their world. Therefore, examining how the law is represented in literature gives insight both into how this representation shifts to accommodate historical and cultural differences, and how central the role of narrative is to legal institutions. This course will focus on representations of the law in German-language literature from the late 18th century onward, to examine how literature relates the human condition to law, to other central cultural values (love, honor and justice), and how literature can put the law itself into question. The course will emphasize literary interrogations of National Socialist law, which take up these questions in their most urgent form. Taught in English. (Enrollment limited)-Assaiante

302. Moments in Modern German Culture— This course will introduce students to four major issues in German culture beginning with the early twentieth century and ending with very contemporary cultural concerns. Divided into four segments, the course will begin with a focus on the Weimar Republic, anti-Semitism and National Socialism, before moving on to the concepts of the Stunde Null, multiculturalism, and finishing up with a look at Die Berliner Republik and Germany’s political standing in Europe. Each topic will be explored through a combination of readings and other media (film, music), with the goal of improving students’ reading, speaking, listening and writing skills in German. Readings: Brecht, Döblin, Kolmar, Borchert, Tawada, Schulze. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Assaiante

[302. Voices of the Century]— Through the discussion and interpretation of the memoirs, letters, diaries, and eyewitness testimonials of famous and eclectic German poets, artists, composers, architects, film directors, politicians, and critics, the class will examine the themes and conflicts that comprise the German Zeitgeist. We shall also experience and analyze selections from a major film, art work, or musical composition that played a role in the phenomenal transitions from the Kaiserreich through the fall of the Berlin Wall. Students will be asked to draw conclusions from the art forms and the texts in short essays and an on-line journal. Some grammar review will be offered. All work will be done in German. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

[302. German Readings I: Across Time and Genres]— This course develops students’ basic skills of literary interpretation. We will practice various reading techniques (e.g. close reading, reading for the plot, etc.) and familiarize ourselves with literary terminology and its application. The texts represent different genres (fairy tales, children’s literature, poetry, drama, etc.) and span more than two hundred years of cultural history in German-speaking lands. We will explore key cultural concepts and different political and cultural movements with an emphasis on literature. The intent of this course is to help students establish a framework for critical reading and communicative skills in German, which they will develop further in subsequent study of German culture and politics. Prerequisite: German 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

[401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics]— This seminar is required of all seniors majoring or minoring in German: Plan A, Plan B (German as primary language), and German studies minor. Over the term, students will work collaboratively on the various papers they are writing by way of integrating exercises in their major or minor, and the whole class will undertake a number of readings in common in order to provide informed criticism of one another’s papers. Depending on enrollment, the class may also spend part of the semester considering a special topic, author, or genre in German studies. This course open to seniors only. -Staff

460. Tutorial— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. -Staff

[497. Senior Thesis]— Submission of special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the director are required for enrollment. -Staff

Hebrew

The Plan B major—Students choosing a Plan B major in language and culture studies may elect Modern Hebrew as their secondary language. Students who do so are required to take five courses in Modern Hebrew beyond the 101 level, including at least one course from the literature and culture offerings (such as modern Israeli culture and modern Israeli literature and heritage).

The minor in Modern Hebrew—For students who wish to minor in Modern Hebrew, this is a sequence of five Hebrew courses: HEBR 101, 102, 201, 202, and 301, designed to develop linguistic skills. To give a deeper and broader appreciation of Israeli culture and civilization, students are required to take a Language Across the Curriculum unit as well as either JWST 220. Modern Israeli Literature and Heritage or JWST 225. Modern Israeli Culture. No more than one transfer credit may be applied to the minor.

To declare a minor in Hebrew, contact Lecturer Ayalon. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of Jewish culture are referred to the Jewish studies interdisciplinary minor.

101. Elementary Modern Hebrew I— A comprehensive introduction to the basic vocabulary and grammatical rules of modern Hebrew will be systematically presented and reviewed. Designed to develop a basic ability to read, write, understand, and speak modern Hebrew, this course will also include exposure to appropriate cultural materials. (Also offered under the Middle Eastern studies and Jewish studies programs.) (Enrollment limited)-Ayalon

201. Intermediate Modern Hebrew I— This course continues the development of skills in conversation, composition, and reading. Advanced grammar and syntax are introduced, as well as expanded readings from Israeli newspapers and literature. (Also offered under the Middle Eastern studies and Jewish studies programs.) Prerequisite: Hebrew 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Ayalon

301. Advanced Modern Hebrew I— Emphasis on written essays as well as on comprehension through readings and class discussion of short stories, articles, and poetry. (Also offered under the Middle Eastern studies and Jewish studies programs.) Prerequisite: Hebrew 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Ayalon

102. Elementary Modern Hebrew II— A continuation of Hebrew 101 with emphasis on increasing vocabulary, understanding, writing and speaking skills with widening exposure to appropriate cultural materials. (Also offered under the Middle Eastern studies and Jewish studies programs.) Prerequisite: Hebrew 101 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Ayalon

202. Intermediate Modern Hebrew II— A continuation of Hebrew 201 with more advanced grammar and increased emphasis on composition and speaking as well as exposure to appropriate cultural materials. (Also offered under the Middle Eastern studies and Jewish studies programs.) Prerequisite: Hebrew 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Ayalon

302. Advanced Modern Hebrew II— A continuation of Hebrew 301 with emphasis on reading short novels and Israeli newspapers as well as viewing and discussing selected videos and movies. (Also offered under the Middle Eastern studies and Jewish studies programs.) Prerequisite: Hebrew 301 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Ayalon

Hispanic Studies

The Plan A major—Plan A majors are required to have a total of 12.5 courses (beyond HISP 102). Students choose between one of two possible tracks: peninsular studies and Latin American studies. The required courses (totaling 9.5 credits) are to be distributed in the following manner: two courses at the 260-level; HISP 270; HISP 280; HISP 290 (0.5); one course on an aspect of Hispanic culture taught by another department; three courses at the 300 level, two of which must be in the student’s chosen sub-field; and HISP 401, in which students will write a senior thesis under the individual guidance of a member of the department on a topic related to the selected track. In this final exercise, students are expected to build upon and refine a special interest developed while abroad or in previous coursework. The rest of the credits within the major are earned through elective courses. No more than three courses taken abroad are valid for the major. Only one 300-level course taken abroad is valid for the major. All other required courses within the major must be taken with faculty at Trinity’s Hartford campus. Electives could include 201, 202, 221, 224, 225, 226, 227, certain approved courses taken abroad, or extra 300-level courses.

Majors who wish to study abroad are expected to study in one of the three official Trinity sites: Trinity-in-Buenos Aires, Trinity-in-Barcelona, or PRESHCO (in Córdoba, Spain). We also offer a one-month study abroad experience in Montevideo and Barcelona (see HISP 227). Requests to study elsewhere will be given consideration and approval will depend on solid academic reasons for requesting an alternative site. All students wishing to receive credit toward the major for courses taken at Trinity’s global sites in Barcelona, Spain, or Buenos Aires, Argentina, or the affiliated program in Córdoba, Spain, must have taken at least one thematically appropriate (Iberian or Latin American) civilization and culture course (HISP 261, HISP 262, HISP 263, HISP 264) before their departure. Careful planning in coordination with the student’s adviser and the department’s faculty sponsors of the two global sites (Associate Professor Lambright for Buenos Aires; Associate Professor Harrington for Barcelona or PRESCHO) is therefore essential.

Courses taken abroad will generally count as electives or “related fields” credits. Students may request that one upper-level course taken at an approved study abroad program count toward the required number of 300-level courses.

One course in Portuguese or Catalan may be counted as an elective toward the major. Teaching assistant credits may not count towards the major or minor.

Peninsular	Latin American

Three electives	Three electives
HISP 261 or 262	HISP 263 or 264

(Study abroad, usually in Barcelona or Córdoba)	(Study abroad, usually in Buenos Aires)
HISP 260 series (Open)	HISP 260 series (Open)
HISP 270	HISP 270
HISP 280	HISP 280
HISP 290 (.5 credits)	HISP 290 (.5 credits)

One related field course	One related field course
HISP 300 (Peninsular)	HISP 300 (Latin American)
HISP 300 (Peninsular or Transatlantic)	HISP 300 (Latin American or Transatlantic)
HISP 300 (Latin American)	HISP 300 (Peninsular)
HISP 401 (Thesis, Peninsular topic)	HISP 401 (Thesis, Latin American topic)

The Plan B major—Plan B majors whose primary concentration is in Hispanic studies are required to take the following courses (totaling 7.5 credits beyond HISP 102): two courses at the 260 level in the track of the student’s choice, HISP 270, HISP 280, HISP 290 (0.5), one course at the 300 level in the track of the student’s choice, one course at the 300 level with a focus on the “other” sub-field of the discipline (a transatlantic course may be substituted here), and HISP 401, in which students will write a senior thesis under the individual guidance of a member of the department on a topic related to the selected track. In this final exercise, the student will engage in in-depth study of a theme that integrates material from the primary and secondary fields of linguistic and cultural competence. The remaining five credits for the major will be taken in the student’s secondary area of linguistic and cultural competence.

Majors whose primary competence is Spanish and who wish to study abroad are expected to study in one of the three official Trinity sites: Trinity-in-Buenos Aires, Trinity-in-Barcelona, or PRESHCO (in Córdoba, Spain). Requests to study elsewhere will be given consideration and approval will depend on solid academic reasons for requesting an alternative site. All students wishing to receive credit toward the major for courses taken at Trinity’s global sites in Barcelona, Spain, and Buenos Aires, Argentina, or the affiliated program in Córdoba, Spain, must have taken at least one thematically appropriate (Iberian or Latin American) civilization and culture course (HISP 261, HISP 262, HISP 263, HISP 264) before their departure. Careful planning in coordination with the student’s adviser and the department’s faculty sponsors of the sites (Prof. Lambright for Buenos Aires; Prof. Harrington for Barcelona or PRESCHO) is therefore essential. For detailed description of the PRESCHO Program, please see “Consortial Programs” listed under Global Studies Programs.

Courses taken abroad will generally count as elective credits. In certain cases, students may request that one upper-level course taken at an approved study away program count toward the required number of 300-level courses. One course in Portuguese or Catalan may be counted as an elective toward the major.

Peninsular	Latin American

HISP 261	HISP 263
HISP 262	HISP 264
HISP 270	HISP 270
HISP 280	HISP 280
HISP 290 (.5)	HISP 290 (.5)
HISP 300 (Peninsular)	HISP 300 (Latin American)
HISP 300 (Latin American or Transatlantic)	HISP 300 (Peninsular or Transatlantic)
HISP 401 (Thesis)	HISP 401 (Thesis)

Plan B majors whose secondary concentration is in Hispanic studies are required to take a total of five courses in Hispanic studies beyond the 202 level. Of these, the following must be taken with faculty at Trinity’s Hartford campus: two courses in civilization and culture and two 300-level courses (one centering on Spain and the other on Latin America). In certain cases, students may request that one upper-level course taken at an approved study abroad program count toward the required number of 300-level courses. Certain prerequisites for 300-level courses may be waived for Plan B majors with secondary competency in Hispanic studies at instructor’s discretion.

Peninsular	Latin American

HISP 261 or 262	HISP 263 or 264
HISP 260 series (open)	HISP 260 series (open)
HISP 300 (Peninsular)	HISP 300 (Latin American)
HISP 300 (Latin American or Transatlantic)	HISP 300 (Latin American or Transatlantic)

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement for students in either the Plan A or plan B Hispanic studies major is fulfilled by HISP 401. Senior Thesis Seminar.

The minor in Spanish language—For students who wish to minor in Spanish, this is a sequence of six courses beyond 201 designed to develop linguistic skills and to incur a deeper understanding of Spanish and Latin American culture and civilization.

The six required courses (HISP 202 and beyond) must be distributed in the following ways. If a student studies abroad in a Spanish-speaking country, he or she must take:

If the student does not study abroad in a Spanish-speaking country, he or she must take:

No course in English under the language and culture studies rubric can be counted toward the course total. No more than two transfer courses may be applied to the Spanish minor.

101. Intensive Elementary Spanish I— Designed to develop a basic ability to read, write, understand, and speak Spanish. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Placement by exam if previous Spanish experience. Generally for students with minimal or no previous experience studying Spanish. Students with 3 or more years of pre-college Spanish study will not be allowed to enroll in this course. Any request for exceptions should be addressed to the coordinator of Hispanic Studies. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Flores, Jacky

102. Intensive Elementary Spanish II— Continuation of 101, emphasizing oral practice, consolidation of basic grammar skills, compositions, and reading comprehension. Four hours of classwork, plus one required drill hour. Generally for students with 2-3 years or equivalent of high school Spanish. Students with 4 or more years of pre-college Spanish study will not be allowed to enroll in this course. Any request for exceptions should be addressed to the coordinator of Hispanic Studies. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Hispanic 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Flores, Tracy

201. Intermediate Spanish I— An intermediate course for those who have had at least three years of secondary school Spanish or one year of college Spanish. A thorough review of grammar combined with oral practice. In addition, there is a strong cultural component and an introduction to reading literary texts. Generally for students with 3-4 years or equivalent of high school Spanish. Students with 5 or more years of pre-college Spanish study will not be allowed to enroll in this course. Any request for exceptions should be addressed to the coordinator of Hispanic Studies. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean sStudies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Hispanic 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Morales, Robyn

202. Intermediate Spanish II— The review of grammar begun in Spanish 201 will be completed. In addition, there will be readings and discussion of contemporary Spanish and Spanish American literature, treating varied literary and cultural selections with a view to vocabulary-building and the reinforcement of the principles of grammar and syntax. Emphasis is placed on the development of competence in oral and written expression. Generally for students with 4 years or equivalent of high school Spanish. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Hispanic 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Jacky

221. Advanced Grammar and Composition— Emphasis on composition work, in conjunction with a review of grammar, especially of the more difficult and subtle aspects, together with a consideration of stylistics. The writings of selected modern Hispanic authors will serve as models. Generally for students with 5+ years or equivalent of high school Spanish. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Hispanic 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Melendez, Robyn

224. Spanish for Heritage Students— A comprehensive course for bilingual students who demonstrate spoken ability in Spanish but whose formal education has been in English. The course will cover all basic language skills while targeting the particular needs of bilingual students, including accentuation, homonyms, and usage of complex sentence structure. Special emphasis will be placed on reading and writing. Permission of the instructor is required. Admits to Hispanic Studies 221 or more advanced Hispanic studies course. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (Enrollment limited)-Tracy

226. Iberian and Latin American Film and Conversation— In this course students will analyze landmarks of Spanish/Latin American cinema in terms of social, historical, and cultural questions they raise, as well as in terms of ideological, aesthetic, and cinematographic movements to which they belong. The discussion of films will be conducted in Spanish and will provide an academic forum for the exchange of ideas, interpretations, and critique. Hertiage speakers, students who have studied in a Spanish speaking country, or students who have taken a course at a higher level (HISP 261 or above) are not eligible to enroll Prerequisite: Hispanic 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Melendez

261. Iberian Culture I (Middle Ages to the 19th Century)— The course is designed to provide a broad understanding of the primary cultural dynamics of the Iberian Peninsula from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. We will pay special attention to the more important cultural developments during this crucial era of Spanish history. Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)-van Ginhoven Rey

263. Latin American Culture I (Pre-Columbian Era to Enlightenment)— This course examines the history, societies, and cultures of the various regions that today are known as Latin America. The course moves from the major pre-Columbian civilizations, through the first encounter between Europe and these peoples, the subsequent conquest and colonization, and the first manifestations of the desire for independence. The course will concentrate specifically on how the peoples of these various regions and periods explored their social and political concerns through art, literature, and music. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.)Enrollment limited. Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Tracy

270. Introduction to Cultural Analysis— This course serves as a transition to advanced courses in Spanish language, culture, and literature. Students will develop analytical skills through an intense exploration of cultural production in the Hispanic world and through an examination of diverse literary genres, film, and current events. The focus will be on improving the necessary linguistic and critical thinking skills that are the fundamental foundation for literary and cultural analysis in advanced Spanish study. Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or 224 or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Harrington

290. Studying in the Hispanic World Colloquium— This course is designed to provide students returning from study abroad in Barcelona, Santiago, Cordoba, and other Spanish-speaking venues (summer, semester, or year-long programs) with a forum within which they can share, compare, and process analytically and historically the difficulties, conflicts, absences, and discoveries that they experienced in their time abroad. They will then be asked to investigate how these experiences have affected their view of the social and cultural norms of U.S. culture. (Prerequisite: Study abroad in an approved program in a Spanish-speaking country.) (0.5 course credit) (Enrollment limited)-Harrington

325. Literature of Popular Consciousness and Revolution— This course explores the way certain literary works, themes, genres and movements emerged or accompanied a series of popular uprisings and revolutions (i.e. the Mexican Revolution) as well as emerging urban, working class and nationalist forms of consciousness during the first half of the 20th century. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Melendez

328. Iberian Film— In this course we will examine the relationship between history and film in Spain, one of the world’s most important film-producing countries. Until quite recently, cinematic production there was marked by a general tendency to promote the primacy of Castilian culture and Church-derived social mores through the production of historicist narratives. Since the country’s transition to democracy, a much more plural and heterodix cinematic tradition has taken root in the country. While still very much engaged with history, this new tradition promotes a broader view of the country’s religious, sexual and linguistic heritage. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Harrington

[341. Latin American Poetry]— The students will become familiar with the main literary trends in the Spanish American Poetry since the “Modernismo movement” (end of XIXth century) to the present. The readings will include poets such as Pablo Neruda, Cesar Vallejo, Alejandra Pizarnik, Ruben Dario and Gioconda Belli, and some popular singers such as Silvio Rodriguez and Violeta Parra. There will be an emphasis on understanding the specificity of poetic language and the development of the appropriate tools of analysis. The course will enhance reading skills that will enable students to enjoy poetry in Spanish or any other language. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

[345-01. Special Topics: Imperial Spain and the Dawn of the Modern World Order]— Spain’s colonial ventures in the 16th and 17th centuries are nowadays credited with having laid the foundations for the first modern empire, yet as the Spanish nation found itself transformed into a key global player it continued to struggle with the internal political and religious tensions that had been rattling other European countries since the Renaissance. This course will focus on three crucial figures of this tumultuous and transitional moment: Christopher Columbus, the Genoese explorer behind the “discovery” of America; Saint Teresa of Avila, the Catholic mystic and religious reformer; and Garcilaso Inca de la Vega, the son of a Spanish Conquistador and an Inca princess who would later become the foremost chronicler of Inca civilization. Situating their writings in relation to the main polemics of the period–geographical and cosmological disputes about the nature of the planet (Columbus), Reformation and Counter-Reformation theologies of salvation (Teresa), and critical reflections on the legitimacy of imperial violence and of the uses of memory and history (Garcilaso)–we will examine how these threads combine to form Spain’s distinct contribution to the constitution of the modern world order. Readings will include Columbus’ Diaries, Letters, Book of Prophecies, and Testament, Teresa de Avila’s Book of Her Life, and Garcilaso’s Royal Commentaries of the Incas, as well as selections from Aquinas, Marco Polo, Joachim de Fiore, Luther, and Bodin. (Enrollment limited)

[355. Rogue Humanism]— In dialogue with Greek and Roman sources, Renaissance humanists articulated a definition of humanity that continues to shape debates in philosophy, aesthetics, politics, and theology. In Spain, however, humanism is linked with a set of characters that question the viability of a normative understanding of the human. In what ways do “rogue” figures like Fernando de Rojas’ Celestina, a go-between who makes a living fixing the broken hymens of promiscuous young women; Lazarillo, the pícaro who will voice a corrosive skepticism surrounding national myths; and Cervantes’ Don Quixote, a knight unaware of the distinction between reality and fiction, ask us to revise enduring notions about the cultural and political aspirations of man? Readings by Lucretius, Apuleius, Plautus, Nebrija, Rojas, Erasmus, Cervantes, Heidegger, Arendt, and Rahner. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

[375. War, Truth Commissions, and Cultural Production in Latin America]— This course will look at the role of cultural production in transitional justice efforts, taking as case studies Truth Commission endeavors in four Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, Guatemala and Peru). We will study how film, theater, literature, and the visual arts explore moments of violent civil conflict and contest dominant narratives of truth-finding and reconciliation. How does a society use cultural artifacts as archives of memory and a means of collectively processing traumatic events? How do violence and terror change a national culture, and key concepts such as national identity and citizenship? In considering these questions, we examine key theoretical frameworks for understanding cultural production in times of extreme social violence and articulating a poetics of crisis, trauma, and recovery. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

399. Independent Study— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. (1-2 course credits) -Staff

466. Teaching Assistantship— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. (0.5-1 course credit) -Staff

[224. Spanish for Heritage Students]— A comprehensive course for bilingual students who demonstrate spoken ability in Spanish but whose formal education has been in English. The course will cover all basic language skills while targeting the particular needs of bilingual students, including accentuation, homonyms, and usage of complex sentence structure. Special emphasis will be placed on reading and writing. Permission of the instructor is required. Admits to Hispanic Studies 221 or more advanced Hispanic studies course. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (Enrollment limited)

[225. Iberian and Latin American Music and Conversation]— In this class, we will explore contemporary Hispanic culture through the textual and contextual analysis of music produced by Iberian and Latin American artists in the period between 1960 and 1990. Special emphasis will be given to understanding the role of the artist and his or her works as agents of social change during the period. Much of the material for the course will be gathered from online resources such as YouTube and Google Video. Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)

233. Latin American Literature and Film in Translation— This course is aimed at a broad and general audience. No knowledge of Spanish is required. Taught in English this survey course introduces students to a set of key Latin American literary works of the 19th and 20th century, from various areas (the Caribbean, Mexico, Latinos in the US/The Border, Central America, South America, the Southern Cone), of various kinds (novels, short novels, short stories, essays, testimonies, collages, etc.) and reflecting on a variety of social and cultural issues (depicting/ordering/making sense of reality, storytelling, mythmaking, constructing the nation, neo-colonialism, fascism, revolution, human rights, exile, border-culture, race, ethnicity, gender). Students wishing to count this course toward a major in Spanish should secure permission of the instructor. They will complete their assignments in Spanish and will meet with the instructor in supplementary sessions. (Listed as both Language and Cultural Studies 233-11 and Hispanic Studies 233-01; and under the Latin American and Caribbean Studies program.) (Enrollment limited)-Robyn

262. Iberian Culture II (The 20th Century)— This course introduces students to the set of cultural problems that have shaped Spain’s contemporary development. It will do so through the study of novels, films, and historical narrative. Special emphasis given to the cultural history of the Franco years (1939-1975) and the country’s more recent transition to democracy (1975-1992). Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Harrington

264. Latin American Culture II (Independence to Present Day)— This course focuses on the social, political, economic, and cultural development of the Latin American nations. Emphasis will be on to the construction of national identities during the 19th century as well as main historic-political events of the 20th century. Discussions will be based on readings, documentaries, and feature films. Latin American newspapers on the Internet are used to inform our debates of current events. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or permission of the instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Jacky

280. Hispanic Hartford— This course seeks to place Trinity students in active and informed dialogue with the Hartford region’s large and diverse set of Spanish-speaking communities. The course will help student recognize and analyze the distinct national histories (e.g. Peruvian, Puerto Rican, Chilean, Honduran, Cuban, Colombian, Mexican) which have contributed to the Hispanic diaspora in the city and the entire northeastern region of the United States. Students will undertake field projects designed to look at the effects of transnational migration on urban culture, institution-building, and identity formation. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.)This course has a community learning component. Prerequisite: Hispanic 221 or 224 or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Harrington

[324. The Spanish Post-War Novel (1939-Present)]— The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) severely damaged Spain’s social and cultural fabric. In the six decades since the end of the war, however, Spaniards have demonstrated that violence, poverty, and political oppression are no match for a vital literary and cultural tradition. In this course we will analyze a number of the more important novels of the post-war era with an eye toward gaining an understanding the social problems and transformations that have taken place in the country during this period. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

[327. Memory at Work in Latin American Culture]— This course will examine memory as an evolving process that leads to the construction of individual and collective identities. We will look at the individual and collective dimensions of memory as articulated in literature, film, photography, music, and monuments. On the individual level, to what extent does fantasy interplay with memory in the reconstruction of the past? On the collective level, who has the right to remember? How do cultural discourses propose alternatives to the hegemonic interpretation of the national past? Is memory a form of resistance? And furthermore, how can memory and reconciliation be articulated in post-dictatorship societies? ((Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

331. The “Boom” and Beyond— This course will examine the period known as the “Boom” both as literary movement and as cultural phenomenon. What are the characteristics of the so-called “New Narrative” and the principle concerns of the writers of the “Boom”? What are the internal, global, cultural, and market forces that produced this explosion in the production and reception of Latin American literature? Who is excluded from the “Boom” and why? This course will focus on “classic” 20th-century “Boom” works by Borges, Cortízar, Rulfo, García, Márquez, Vallejo, and others, as well as some works by post-Boom writers. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Robyn

[342. Latin American Theater]— This course explores the various manifestations of Latin American Theater of the late 19th and the 20th centuries. Texts to be studied include canonical authors (i.e. Florencio, Sanchez, Agustin Cuzzani, Augusto Boal) as well as other, equally important authors, movements and trends such as Teatro Campensino, Teatro Poblacional, Popular Theater, performances. Some attention will also be paid to the study of theatricality in social and political rituals and everyday life. This course may count toward the Theater and Dance major. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)

[345. Special Topics: From Romantics to Moderns]— The nineteenth-century witnesses radical changes on many planes in Spain including the political, economic, and the ideological. In Western cultures in general, contemporary society was transforming itself, struggling against outdated power structures to emerge, at the end of the century, with self-awareness of modern, albeit divided, citizenries. Parallel to these events, cultural productions went through changing aesthetic stages (Romanticism, Realism, Naturalism, Modernism, etc.) as novelists, intellectuals, artists, poets, and journalists in Spain took part in successive debates within national borders, between Spain and Europe, as well as with the newly independent Latin American nations. Examinations of literature, art, political documents and the press will provide an understanding of the protagonism of cultural representations during that century in the ongoing processes and enduring tensions of identity formation, liberalization, and modernization. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP 221 and HISP 270 (Enrollment limited)

366. 20th-Century Mexican Literature La Mexicanidad— This course examines the century-long quest for national identity in Mexico and in particular, the political, social, and cultural impact of the Mexican Revolution on intellectual discourse. Topics of study include Marxism, the development of civil and women’s rights, community art, secularism, and the importance of mestizaje in the shaping of Mexican identity and letters. We will read primarily novels and essays, by authors ranging from José Vasconcelos to Subcomandante Marcos. We will also critically examine the artwork of the Mexican muralists and Frida Kahlo. (Also offered under the Latin American and Caribbean Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Taught in Spanish. Prerequisite: A grade of C- or better in HISP270 and one of the following: HISP261 or HISP262 or HISP263 or HISP264; or Permission of the Instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Tracy

401. Senior Thesis Seminar— Required for graduation with a major in Spanish (Plan A) or Plan B with Spanish as primary language. Individual tutorial in the writing of a thesis on a special topic in literature or culture, in coordination with one of the members of the Spanish faculty. This course open to seniors only. (Enrollment limited)-Melendez

Italian Studies

The Plan A major—For a major under this plan, students must earn credit for 12 courses in Italian language, literature, and civilization.

In consultation with the faculty advisor in Italian, students matriculating at Trinity College who have background in Italian language will enroll at a more advanced level than first-year Italian (101 and 102). Students must take three interdisciplinary courses on Italian culture and civilization and three literature survey courses to complete the required 12 courses.

The Plan B Major—If Italian is the primary language, students are required to take seven courses, including ITAL 228, a 300-level literary survey, and ITAL 401. Special Topics.

If Italian is the secondary language, students are required to take five courses. ITAL 228 is required. For students with prior background in Italian, at least one 300-level survey course is required.

All majors (Plan A and Plan B, both categories) are required to pass an Italian language proficiency examination. This requirement is waived for students gaining a B or better in one of the Italian 300-level courses.

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement for the Plan A or Plan B major in Italian is fulfilled by: ITAL 333-01. Dante (also LACS 333-12), ITAL 314. Contemporary Italian Literature (in Italian), or ITAL 401. Senior Seminar: Topics in Italian Studies (in Italian).

Students majoring in Italian are encouraged to attend one of the programs at the Trinity College Rome Campus; they can apply courses taken at the Rome Campus toward the Italian major subject to approval of the faculty adviser. Please see the Rome Campus program and course descriptions in the global programs section.

Advanced Placement—Students with Advanced Placement credit in Italian may count AP credit toward general degree requirements, but not for the Italian major or the Italian minor. AP credit serves as an indicator for placing students in the appropriate level courses.

Honors—Students qualifying for honors in the Italian major must attain a cumulative average of A- or better in all courses counting toward the major, including ITAL 401.

The Minor in Italian—For students who wish to minor in Italian, this is a sequence of six courses designed primarily to develop linguistic skills and an appreciation of Italian culture and civilization. These courses include, but are not limited to, the language acquisition courses (ITAL 101, 102, 201, 202), ITAL 228. Italian Language and Society, and literary survey courses. In consultation with the minor adviser, Dario Del Puppo, students may also count culture and civilization courses taught in English if they do a significant amount of the coursework in Italian. In addition to the six courses, students must complete a .5 credit of Language Across the Curriculum.

To declare a minor in Italian, contact Prof. Dario Del Puppo. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of Italian culture are referred to the Italian studies interdisciplinary minor.

101. Intensive Elementary Italian I— Designed to develop a basic ability to read, write, understand, and speak Italian. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Other than beginning students must have the permission of the instructor. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Del Puppo, King

102. Intensive Elementary Italian II— Continuation of 101, emphasizing oral practice, consolidation of basic grammar skills, compositions and reading comprehension. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. Prerequisite: Italian 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Palma

201. Intermediate Italian I: Conversation and Composition— A review of basic grammar learned in the first-year intensive Italian courses (101 and 102) is integrated with oral and writing practice on topics intended to introduce students to contemporary Italian culture. There will be readings of short stories, newspaper, and magazine articles, viewings of film and video presentations, and weekly compositions and other writing assignments. In order to achieve competence in Italian, students should plan to take 201 and 202 in sequence. Prerequisite: Italian 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Palma

202. Intermediate Italian II: Composition and Literature— The review of grammar begun in Italian 201 will be completed in 202. Students’ oral and writing skills will be enhanced by further exploration of aspects of Italian culture, through a variety of texts and media. While emphasizing students’ communication skills, this course aims to provide them with the basis for linguistic competence in Italian. Prerequisite: Italian 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Del Puppo

233. Mafia— In contemporary societies there is an intimate contest between two kinds of social order: The rule of law and criminal organization. A remarkable instance may be found in the workings and metamorphoses of the Mafia. From its origins in Sicily, an agrarian society on the periphery of Europe, the Mafia has acquired intercontinental dimensions and a grip on high politics and finance capital. This shadowy phenomenon has been approached and explained in very different ways by historians, anthropologists, sociologists, economists, and political scientists. It has also been the subject of literature and film. We shall discuss outstanding examples of each approach and treatment. The purposes of the course are to make sense of the Mafia, to explore a basic problem of social order and to compare the different styles of reasoning and representation that characterize the various disciplines in the social sciences and humanities. Course requirements: Seminar format. Course requirements: seminar reports, several short papers, and full attendance and participation. (Listed as both LACS 233-17 and ITAL 233-02.) (Enrollment limited)-Alcorn

236. Modern Italy— An introduction to modern Italy, through discussion of outstanding works of history, social science, film, and literature. Topics include the unification of Italy, the sharp changes in relations between church and state, the Great Emigration, Fascism, modernization, the Sicilian mafia, and the persistence of regional divisions. All work is done in English. Students who wish to count this course toward a major in Italian should request permission of the instructor. They will complete their assignments in Italian and will meet with the instructor in supplementary sessions. (Listed as both LACS 233-08 and ITAL 236-01; and under the History Department.) (Enrollment limited)-Alcorn

333. Dante: The Divine Comedy— An intensive study of the Divine Comedy (in translation) with particular emphasis on the historical and aesthetic significance of this ’summa.’ Students wishing to count this course toward a major in Italian should receive permission of the instructor. (Listed as both LACS 333-12 and ITAL 333-01.) (Enrollment limited)-Del Puppo

233. Food in Italian History, Society, and Art— The saying, “A tavola non s’invecchia” (“One does not age at the supper table”), expresses the importance of food and eating for Italians. In this course, we will examine the relationship between food and culture in Italy, from the Romans to the present, through a variety of readings and tasting experiences. Topics include: the importing and exporting of different foods in antiquity as an instance of cultural and economic exchange; medieval beliefs about intellectual and physical aptitudes associated with diet; the representation of food in art, literature, and cinema; regional cuisines and cultural identities; and the language of food. We will also discuss Italian and Italian-American cuisine as the reflection of related, yet very different, cultures. Students may opt to undertake a Community Learning Initiative in consultation with the course instructor. Enrollment limited to 25. (Listed as both LACS 233-41 and ITAL 233-06.)-Del Puppo

[233-08. Enlightenment and Romanticism in Italy]— An introduction to modern ideas of nature, human nature, and history expressed in great literature, art, and music. Topics include individuality and community, the passions and the interests, the intimate contest of bourgeois and aristocratic cultures, revolution and reaction, and secularism. Among authors, artists, and composers who will be studied are: Leopardi, Manzoni, Tiepolo, Longhi, Canaletto, Canova, Fattori, Donizetti, Rossini, and Verdi. (Listed as both LACS 233-98 AND ITAL 233-08.) (Enrollment limited)

290. Italian Cinema: Fiction and Film— A study and discussion of Italian cinema from neorealism to the present. The course will cover both formal and thematic trends in the films of the noted postwar Italian directors Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio De Sica, and Luchino Visconti. The course will also consider the trend away from reliance on literary texts toward the development of personal expressions by such author/directors as Federico Fellini, Michelangelo Antonioni, Lina Wertmüller, Paolo and Vittorio Taviani, Maurizio Nichetti, and others. Film screenings will be in Italian with English subtitles. Lectures and coursework will be in English. Students wishing to apply this course toward the major in Italian must secure permission of the instructor. They will complete their assignments in Italian and meet with the instructor in supplementary sessions. Faithful attendance is required. (Listed as both LACS 233-05 and ITAL 290-01.)-Beneduce (Enrollment limited)-King

314. Contemporary Italian Literature— A critical reading of selected novels, short stories, poetry, and plays from the turn of the 20th Century to the present. Authors include: Pirandello, Svevo, Aleramo, Montale, Ungaretti, Morante, Calvino, Petrignani, Fo, and other contemporary authors. Emphasis is on the historical and cultural context of the works and on recent trends in Italian literature. Topics include: literature during both world wars and under Fascism, modernism and postmodernism in literature, contemporary women writers, and the role of Italian intellectuals in society. All work is done in Italian. (Enrollment limited)-Del Puppo

401. Senior Seminar: Topics in Italian Studies— This seminar is required of all seniors majoring in Italian: Plan A, Plan B (Italian as primary language.) An interdisciplinary seminar devoted to guided, individual research. Each student may work on any aspect of the history, society, or culture of Italy or of Italians in other lands. Coursework is conducted in Italian. The grade is based on seminar participation and a research project. Prerequisites: At least one 300-level course in Italian literature or equivalent and permission of the instructor. Prerequisite: Italian 228 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Alcorn

Japanese

The Plan B major—Students choosing a Plan B major in language and culture studies may elect Japanese as either their primary or secondary language. Students who choose Japanese as the primary language are required to take seven courses beyond the 101 level, including at least one course from offerings in Japanese literature and culture (JAPN 211 and above), and JAPN 401. Special Topic in East Asian Literatures. Two courses in a cognate field or fields are also required, as is a paper linking some aspect(s) of the two languages and the cognates; this paper must be completed in JAPN 401.

Students who choose Japanese as the secondary language are required to take five courses beyond the 101 level, including at least one course from offerings in Japanese literature and culture (JAPN 211 and above).

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement for a Japanese Plan B major is fulfilled by JAPN 401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics (in Japanese).

The minor in Japanese—For students who wish to minor in Japanese, this is a sequence of five courses beyond JAPN 101 designed to develop linguistic skills as well as a basic understanding of Japanese culture and society. In addition, the minor will include another credit to be fulfilled through either a .5 credit Language Across the Curriculum unit, one semester of teaching assistantship, or a .5 credit integrating paper, typically written in conjunction with the last course taken for the minor. The five courses should be chosen from JAPN 102, 201, 202, 311, 312, 411 and 412. No more than one transfer credit may be applied to the minor.

To declare a major or minor in Japanese, contact Principal Lecturer Rieko Wagoner. Students interested in cross-disciplinary approaches to the study of Asian cultures are referred to the Asian studies interdisciplinary minor.

101. Intensive Elementary Japanese I— Designed to develop fundamental skill in both spoken and written modern Japanese. About 200 characters will be learned. Since all linguistic skills cannot be fully developed in 101 alone, stress will be placed on the acquisition of basic structures, which it will be the function of 102 to develop and reinforce. Students who wish to acquire significant proficiency should therefore plan to take both 101 and 102 in sequence. Four hours of classwork, plus one required drill hour. Other than beginning students must have the permission of the instructor. (Also offered under the Asian studies program.) (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Miyazaki, Wagoner

201. Intensive Intermediate Japanese I— This course emphasizes the continued development of skill in spoken and written Japanese. Students will read more advanced texts, practice conversation, and be introduced to additional characters. In order to secure maximum proficiency, students should plan to take both 201 and 202 in sequence. Four hours of classwork, plus one required drill hour. (Also offered under the Asian studies program.) Prerequisite: Japanese 102 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Miyazaki, Wagoner

311. Advanced Readings in Japanese I— This course aims at building students’ skills and speed in reading Japanese. It will draw materials from primary sources in various genres such as novels, poems, newspapers, essays, and instructional materials. Students will develop sentence analysis strategies as well as expand their knowledge of advanced vocabulary and kanji. An appropriate level of oral communication skill is required. (Since the content of this course varies from year to year to focus on the most contemporary materials, students may enroll for credit more than once.)(Also offered under the Asian studies program.) Prerequisite: Japanese 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Wagoner

411. Advanced Reading in Japanese II— The course aims at further training in reading Japanese above J311. Students will read a variety of materials taken mostly from primary sources, such as novels, news articles, instructions, etc., at an acclerated rate. The goal is to develop speed, accuracy and efficiency in students’ reading skills in Japanese. Class activities focus on analyzing the given texts and translation them into English. A total accumulation of kanji is expected to be 1,100-1,200. Prerequisite: C- or better in Japanese 311. (Enrollment limited)-Wagoner

102. Intensive Elementary Japanese II— Continuation of Japanese 101, with increased emphasis on conversational practice. An additional 120 characters will be learned. Students are expected to master most of the spoken patterns by the end of the semester. Four hours of class work, plus one required drill hour. (Also offered under the Asian studies program.) Prerequisite: Japanese 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Miyazaki, Wagoner

202. Intensive Intermediate Japanese II— Continuation of Japanese 201, with further emphasis on written and spoken development of the current idiom. Four hours of classwork, plus one required drill hour. (Also offered under the Asian studies program.) Prerequisite: Japanese 201 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Miyazaki, Wagoner

312. Advanced Spoken Japanese I— This course aims to develop students’ listening and speaking skills in Japanese. The first half of the course focuses on basic tasks and social situations covered in Japanese 101-Japanese 202, bringing students’ performance to a more natural and practical level. The latter half will introduce new conversational strategies and diverse topics and situations mostly drawn from current and culture-specific topics. (Since the content of this course varies from year to year to focus on the most contemporary materials, students may enroll for credit more than once.) Prerequisite: Japanese 202 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Wagoner

401. Senior Seminar: Special Topics— This seminar is required of all seniors majoring in Japanese: Plan B (Japanese as primary language). Over the term, students will work collaboratively on the various papers they are writing by way of integrating exercises in their major, and the whole class will undertake a number of readings in common in order to provide informed criticism of one another’s papers. Depending on enrollment, the class may also spend part of the semester considering a special topic, author, or genre in Japanese studies. (Enrollment limited)-TBA

412. Advanced Spoken Japanese II— This course is also listed under Asian Studies in the International Studies Program. The aim of this course is to further students’ acquisition of listening and speaking skills in Japanese through study and discussion of films, TV shows, and other audio-visual sources. It aims to enhance students’ ability to express their personal responses and opinions, while exposing them to more culturally specific concepts and topics. Prerequisite: C- or better in Japanese 312. (Enrollment limited)-Wagoner

International Studies 236. Japanese Crime Literature and Film— View course description in department listing on p. 577. -Shen

Linguistics

[101. Introduction to Linguistics]— A general introduction to the study of language. First we will study the fundamental components of language (sounds, words, sentences). We will then examine the crucial question of how words and sentences manage to mean anything. The latter part of the course will be devoted to theoretical approaches to the nature of language, to how and why languages change over time, and to the ways language determines and reflects the structures of society.

[466. Teaching Assistantship]— Submission of the special registration form, available in the Registrar’s Office, and the approval of the instructor and chairperson are required for enrollment. (0.5-1 course credit) -Staff

Russian

The Plan A Major—Plan A majors are required to complete 12 credits in Russian as follows:

Credit acquired through the Language across the Curriculum program may also count toward the cognate requirement. Students who begin Russian in their sophomore year are encouraged to do summer work off campus at an approved program.

The Plan B Major—Plan B majors whose primary concentration is Russian are required to complete nine courses in Russian, as follows:

Plan B Majors whose secondary concentration is Russian are required to complete seven courses in Russian, as follows:

Please note that some aspect of Russian literature or culture must be an integral part of the senior exercise required for the student’s primary concentration.

All Russian majors (Plan A and Plan B) are required to pass the department’s Russian language proficiency examination.

The Writing Intensive Part II requirement for the Plan A or Plan B Russian major is fulfilled by RUSS 302. Russian Narrative Prose (in Russian), or RUSS 401. Senior Seminar (in Russian).

The Minor in Russian—The minor in Russian develops linguistic skills as well as an appreciation of Russian culture and civilization. Students take a sequence of six courses. Normally these courses will be RUSS 101, 102, 201, and 202, plus two of the following courses: RUSS 210, 221, 222, or a literature course taught in Russian. No course taught in English under the language and culture studies rubric may be counted toward the minor.

101. Intensive Elementary Russian I— Learn to speak, read, and write Russian in an interactive course. This course prepares students to hold simple conversations so that they can meet Russians, talk about themselves, and discuss topics including sports, movies, and student life. Students will observe contemporary Russian life through a series of video episodes, attune their ear to spoken Russian with audiocassettes, and practice correct grammar using the textbook and CD-ROM. (Enrollment limited)-Any

[110. Art and Music of Russia]— This course is an optional supplement to Russian 101, and is open only to students concurrently enrolled in Russian 101 or another Russian language course. We will discover Russian music and painting and through them, learn about cultural institutions and historical events that have shaped Russian cultural attitudes. Icon painting of the Orthodox Church, genre scenes that fed the revolutionary movement, and experimental artworks, along with diverse musical forms featuring native instruments like the balalaika, the nationalist music of the Might Five, and protest songs of the bards will reveal the conservative, liberal, and radical elements in Russian thought. PR:Concurrent enrollment in Russian 101 or another Russian language course. (0.25 course credit) (Enrollment limited)

201. Intermediate Russian I— In this course students will gain intermediate proficiency in understanding, speaking, reading, and writing Russian. They will learn how to express themselves in Russian through regular conversation practice on topics such as the world of Russian emotions, love and marriage, music and entertainment, and other practical subjects. They will read real Russian literary texts and learn to write about their thoughts and opinions. They will learn about Russian culture by direct experience, including working with the Russian Internet. Students who take this and the next course in the series, Russian 202, will be ready to go on a study abroad program in Russia. Conducted in Russian. (Also listed under the Russian and Eurasian studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Russian 102 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Staff

210. Advanced Russian Conversation— This course will provide training in Russian oral communication and self-expression. Students will lead and participate in class discussions and debates, prepare oral reports, as well as listen to and watch Russian radio and television broadcasts. All work will be oral. The topics of conversations will include family problems and divorce, elections in the U.S. and in Russia, youth music and fashion in Russia, environmental issues, Russian beliefs in the world beyond (UFOs, ESP, etc.) and other current issues. By the end of the course, students will be able to converse in Russian on an advanced level on the ACTFL scale. (Also listed under the Russian and Eurasian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Russian 202 or permission of instructor. (Enrollment limited)-Staff

[233. Love, Sex, and War in Tolstoy]— This course offers a detailed and varied exploration of Tolstoy’s greatest fiction. Writer and prophet, aristocrat and socialist, moralist and hedonist, Tolstoy contained a bundle of contradictions in a mind of artistic genius. As we seek to uncover the aesthetic workings of his stories and novels, we will have ample opportunity to discuss the subjects of these works—romantic love, sexual expression, family life, war as military theory and as human experience, and the individual’s search for meaning in relation to the works themselves and to our own lives. Tolstoy’s youth, military service, marriage, religious conversion, and contentious relations with those around him will be discussed in connection with his literary art. (Listed as both LACS 233-82 and RUSS 233-07; under the Russian and Eurasian studies concentration of the International Studies Program; and under the Women, Gender, and Sexuality Program.) (Enrollment limited)

[233. Soul, Flesh, and the Russian Mystique]— “A riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma” is Winston Churchill’s famous description of Russia. Renowned for its passionate unrestraint, the legendary Russian soul encompasses opposing extremes of human thought and impulse. Selfish pleasure, gratuitous cruelty, and humiliation of others coexist with forgiveness, compassion, and embrace of suffering. As our window on the multifaceted Russian soul—as well as its physical manifestation, the rebellious body—we will take salient works from one thousand years of music, art, and literature. Among the genres we will explore: icon painting and the later, socially-themed paintings that hastened the revolution; the majestic muse of the Orthodox church and contemporary youth pop; the wise woman and holy fools of the folktale; and the comic literature of scandal. Taught in English; no prerequisites.

233. Fantasy and Realism in Russian Literature— All readings and discussion will be in English. Through the enduring traditions of fantasy and realism, Russian literature has probed human dilemmas and invited self-examination. We shall read these works as art and entertainment, and also for what they help us learn about ourselves. A disturbing world of the uncanny, populated by murderous doubles, human snakes, talking dogs, ghosts, and other diabolical creatures will open up to us and haunt our imaginations. As we consider the realist and fantastic streams, we shall ultimately ask the question: can we really define the difference between them? Authors to be read include Gogol, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, and others. This course will introduce the students to some of the greatest works in the Russian literary canon. (Listed as both LACS 233-36 and RUSS 233-01; and under the Russian and Eurasian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) (Enrollment limited)-Staff

[304. Current Russian Media]— A survey of current Russian newspaper and magazine articles, radio and television broadcasts, and the Internet. Subjects covered will include popular culture, home and family life, environmental issues, economics, and politics. Students will strive to master the special type of Russian used in the media as well as describe how these media reflect or distort the state of Russian society. Prerequisite: Russian 222 or permission of the instructor. (This course is also offered under the Russian and Eurasian Studies program.)

102. Intensive Elementary Russian II— Students continue to build their speaking and writing skills using the same interactive approach as in Russian 101. They will gain proficiency in fundamental grammar and acquire the conversational skills they need to interact with Russians in a wide range of situations. (Also listed under the Russian and Eurasian studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Russian 101 or equivalent. (1.5 course credits) (Enrollment limited)-Any

202. Intermediate Russian II— A continuation of Russian 201 in which students will develop a proficiency in Russian that will be adequate for most practical purposes. They will continue to develop their ability to converse on topics such as computers and work, dating, talking about nature, and others. They will start reading and discussing more complex literary and journalistic texts, including works by classic Russian authors. Regular writing assignments will help reinforce what they are learning. Students will continue their examination of the many sides of Russian culture, including Russian etiquette, gesture, music, television, film, etc. Successful completion of this course gives students the Russian they need in order to go to Russia for work or study. Conducted in Russian. (Also listed under the Russian and Eurasian Studies concentration of the International Studies Program.) Prerequisite: Russian 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)-Staff

233. Dostoevsky— (Conducted in English.) Reading and discussing Dostoevsky’s literary works, we will try to answer the social, psychological, philosophical, and religious questions that tortured him. We will examine Dostoevsky’s reaction to social problems he saw in 19th-century Russia: family breakdown, alienation and powerlessness in the workplace, the daily humiliations of living in a system that ranks people according to their salary; and we will try to answer the underlying question: how can people connect with each other in the modern age? Modernity’s preference for science and social science also troubled Dostoevsky. If human actions are scientifically predictable, can people ever be free? We will examine the unsavory solutions Dostoevsky offered: spite, game-playing, crime, radical nihilism, and others. Do religions, with all their glaring contradictions, offer a viable answer? The search for answers to these and other questions will open up new vistas and will educate students about one of the most influential world writers, the author of such classics as Notes from Underground, Crime and Punishment, and The Brothers Karamazov. (Listed as both LACS 333-10 and RUSS 357-01; and under the Russian and Eurasian studies concentration of the International Studies program.) (Enrollment limited)-TBA

[233. Who Am I and Where Am I Going?]— How many personal identities do you have? Lover, friend, brother or sister, gambler, worshipper, skeptic, liar, outsider, psychotic—we may play all of these parts simultaneously or at different times in our lives. Through discussion of short literary texts, with some forays into religion and psychology, we will consider the ways in which our multiple identities shape our self-image as well as how others see us. Readings will be chosen from, among others, Tennessee Williams, Dostoevsky, Freud, and the Bible. (Enrollment limited)

[270. Russian Poetry]— Readings in Russian poetry, including verse of the Golden and Silver Ages (the nineteenth century through 1920). Texts will be discussed from the viewpoint of their aesthetic and historical significance. Students will become familiar with the classics of Russian poetry while also developing the critical skills of being able to analyze poetry linguistically and write about it. Stylistic analysis will refine students’ knowledge of grammar; extensive discussion of texts will enhance oral proficiency. All readings and discussion in Russian. Prerequisite: Russian 201 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

[301. Russian through Literature and Film]— This course contains two segments. In one segment students strengthen their grammar and vocabulary through reading authentic literary texts. The other segment improves listening comprehension through the viewing of a Russian film. Students will view the film in installments, using video technology to replay scenes as often as necessary to achieve comprehension. Homework assignments will include film viewing in the video lab. Prerequisite: Russian 221 or equivalent. (Enrollment limited)

304. Current Russian Media— A survey of current Russian newspaper and magazine articles, radio and television broadcasts, and the Internet. Subjects covered will include popular culture, home and family life, environmental issues, economics, and politics. Students will strive to master the special type of Russian used in the media as well as describe how these media reflect or distort the state of Russian society. Prerequisite: Russian 222 or permission of the instructor. (This course is also offered under the Russian and Eurasian Studies program.)-Staff

Spanish

Programa de Estudios Hispanicos en Cordoba (PRESCHO)

Trinity College, in affiliation with Oberlin College, Smith College, Wellesley College, Wheaton College, and The College of Wooster offers the following courses at the University of Córdoba, Spain. Course credits earned in Córdoba are automatically incorporated into the Trinity transcript. Courses are taught in Spanish exclusively for PRESHCO students by resident faculty at the University of Córdoba and are intended to supplement work in language, literature, and culture already begun at the home institution. Students have two curricular options: enrollments in PRESHCO courses taught by Spanish faculty for program participants or direct matriculation in conventional Spanish university courses. For further information, see Assistant Professor van Ginhoven, Trinity’s coordinator of the program.